Transfer of microRNAs by extracellular membrane microvesicles: a nascent crosstalk model in tumor pathogenesis, especially tumor cell-microenvironment interactions

Table 1 List of EMV-mediated miRNA transfer in tumor pathogenesis as well as inflammatory/immune pathologies

Disease	The given name of EMVs	EMVs’ derivation	EMVs’ target	Involved miRNAs	Research content	References
Ex vivo	Exosome	MC/9 cells	HMC-1 cells MC/9 cells	N/A	Mediating intercellular communication	[26]
Atherosclerosis	MV	THP-1 cells	HMEC-1	miR-150	Enhancing migration	[34]
Inflammation	Exosome	Tregs	Th1 cells	Let-7d	Preventing inflammation	[37]
Kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury	MV	EPCs	Hypoxic resident renal cells	miR-126 miR-296	Protecting resident kidney	[46]
Hindlimb ischemia	MV	EPCs	Endothelial cells	miR-126 miR-296	Pro-neovascularization	[48]
Breast cancer	MV	Macrophages	Cancer cells	miR-223	Promoting invasion	[59]
Gastric cancer	Exosome	AZ-P7a cells	Microenvironment	Let-7	Pro-oncogenesis	[89]
Leukemia	Exosome	K562 cells	HUVECs	miR-17-92	Enhancing migration and tube formation	[90]
MM	Exosome	BMSC	MM cells	miR-15	Facilitating progression	[92]
Glioblastoma multiforme	MV	Serum	Circulating	N/A	Diagnostic marker	[29]
PC	Exosome	PC-3	Conditioned media	N/S	Mediating intercellular communication	[63]
Melanoma	Exosome	Serum	Circulation	miR-125b	Monitor indicator	[67]
HCC	Nano vesicle	Hep3B HepG2 PLC/PRF/5 Cells	Hep3B HepG2 PLC/PRF/5 cells	miR-16	Mediating intercellular communication	[68]
Ovarian cancer	Exosome	Serum	Circulation	N/S	Diagnostic marker	[71]
Breast cancer	Exosome	Serum	Circulation	miR-21	Monitor indicator	[73]
Lung cancer	Exosome	Serum	Circulation	N/S	Diagnostic marker	[74]
NSCLC	Exosome	Serum	Circulation	miR-21 miR-155	Diagnostic marker	[75]

MC/9: Mouse mast cell line; HMC-1: Human mast cell line; THP-1: Human acute monocytic leukemia-1 cell line; HMEC-1: Human dermal microvascular endothelial cell line; PC-3: Prostate cancer cell line; Hep3B, HepG2, PLC/PRF/5: Human HCC cell lines; AZ-P7a cells: Human metastatic duodenal cancer cell lines; K562: Human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line; N/A: Not applicable; N/S: Not specified; MVs: Microvesicles; Treg: regulatory T cell; Th1: T helper cell type 1; EPCs: Endothelial progenitor cells; PC: Prostate cancer; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HUVECs: Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells; MM: Multiple myeloma; BMSC: Bone marrow stromal cell; NSCLC: Non-small-cell lung cancer; EMVs: extracellular membrane microvesicles.

ISSN: 1756-8722