Fig. 2
From: CCR9 in cancer: oncogenic role and therapeutic targeting
Diagram summarizing the reviewed mechanisms by which CCR9 induces different aspects of tumor chemoresistance. The interaction of CCL25/CCR9 can induce tumor chemoresistance via the PI3K-AKT-(GSK-3β/mTOR/NF-κB/β-catenin) and JAK-STAT pathways. The interactions between P-gp, ERM, and F-actin can induce tumor chemoresistance via the CCL25/CCR9 pathway