Fig. 1

Four models of LncRNAs. Signal: LncRNAs can signal the space, time, and expression of gene transcription to modulate transcription factors and signaling pathways. LncRNAs directly bind to nucleic acid to inhibit the downstream molecule transcription named signal work model. Decoy: LncRNAs can bind and titrate away the protein or RNA target. LncRNAs combine with protein and then bind to nucleic acid to inhibit the downstream molecule transcription named decoy work model. Guide: LncRNAs can guide RNA-binding proteins to special target genes. Proteins guide LncRNA to bind to nucleic acid to inhibit the downstream molecule transcription named guide work model. Scaffold: LncRNAs can assemble different proteins to form complexes to initiate the special biological functions. Different proteins and LncRNAs combine together to bind to nucleic acid to inhibit the downstream molecule transcription named scaffold work model