Fig. 1

Patient-derived AML cells successfully engraft newborn NSG pups. a Level of primary engraftment from good responders (Leu 14, n = 5; BMI 1690, n = 3; and BMI 1808, n = 3). Newborn NSG pups were injected intrahepatically with CD3-depleted mononuclear cells after sublethal irradiation. Level of engraftment was determined at specified week post-engraftment after normalizing human CD45⁺ event numbers by the sum of human CD45⁺ and mouse CD45.1⁺ event numbers in peripheral blood. Data are presented as mean % human CD45⁺ cells relative to total CD45⁺ cells (human CD45⁺ cells + mouse CD45.1⁺ cells) ± SEM. b Frequencies and absolute count of human CD45 cells in peripheral blood, spleen, and BM of mice engrafted with Leu 14, BMI 1690, or BMI 1808 at endpoint (week 12–18 post-engraftment). Data are presented as mean % human CD45⁺ cells relative to total CD45⁺ cells ± SEM. c Human CD45⁺ cells were detected in major organs except the brain. Engrafted mice were sacrificed at endpoint (week 12–18 post-engraftment) and major organs (kidney, lung, liver, spleen, brain, and BM) collected and stained with H&E and immunohistochemistry against human CD45. Representative images of H&E-stained and human CD45 IHC-stained organs obtained from Leu 14 engrafted mice at week 12 post-engraftment were shown; scale bar: 100 μm