Fig. 2From: Universal CARs, universal T cells, and universal CAR T cellsThe structure of BBIR CAR. In the BBIR CAR, avidin serves as the extracellular ligand binding domain and is linked to the transmembrane and intracellular signaling domains. The biotinylated antigen-specific molecules can be full-length antibodies, scFvs, or other tumor-specific ligands. Through the binding of biotin to avidin, any extracellular signal linked to the biotin can activate the T cells. Therefore, the BBIR CAR remains constant and can serve as a universal CAR. (adapted from Urbanska, K, et al.; Cancer Res. 2012; 72(7); 1844–1852)Back to article page