Table 3 Drugs and compounds associated with ferroptosis

Chemothe-rapeutic agents

Sulfasalazine

System xc-

Inhibit Cys2 uptake via system xc-

SASP enhanced ferroptosis induced by piperlongumine02 (PL)

BJeLR/HT1080

Induce

[8]

HT1080/Calu-1

[108]

HCT116, CX-1, PANC1

[22]

Artesunate

Fe

React with excess intracellular iron to promote the production of ROS

The cisplatin-resistant cancer cells were less sensitive to artesunate-induced ferroptosis

HN3, HN4, HN9

Induce

[88]

Panc-1, COLO357

[109]

BxPC-3, AsPC-1

[110]

TMZ

System xc-

TMZ induces xCT expression via Nrf2 and ATF4 activation pathway

The efficacy of TMZ can be potentiated after combination with erastin and SASP. SASP potentiates chemo-sensitivity of TMZ in xCT knockdown gliomas

F98, U251

Inhibit

[90]

u87-MG, GBM-n6, GBM-n15, a172, T98G

[89]

Cisplatin

GSH-GPXs

The depletion of reduced GSH and inactivation of GPXs

Erastin enhances the effect of cisplatin in NSCLCs.

A549, HCT116

Induce

[19]

A2780

[111]

Targeted agents

Sorafenib

System xc-

Inhibit system xc--mediated Cys2 import, leading to glutathione depletion and the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid ROS

DFX remarkably reduced the toxicity of sorafenib in an HCC cell line

HT-1080

Induce

[65]

Huh7

[71]

ACHN, PLC/PRF5

[92]

HSC-LX2, HSC

[60]

Lapatinib

Fe

Cause ferroptosis through iron transport disruption leading to increased ROS

Knockdown of FPN increased ferroptosis after siramesine and lapatinib treatment

SKBR3, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231

Induce

[58]

MCF-7, ZR-75-1

[18]

Others

Lanperisone

System xc-

Lanperisone-mediated induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species

The remarkable mechanistic similarities of LP as well as erastin underscore the potential of ROS-mediated therapies as a novel strategy to treat K-ras mutant tumors

K-ras-expressing MEFs

Induce

[95]

Artenimol artemisinin

_

Increase TFRC gene expression and ROS accumulation

Ferrostatin-1 and the iron chelator deferoxamine led to a significantly reduced cytotoxicity of artenimol

CCRF-CEM

Induce

[11]

Salinomycin

Ironomycin

Fe

Interacts with the iron

Against CSCs derived from breast human mammary epithelial cells

CSCs

Induce

[65]

Bromelain

ACSL-4

Effectively causes ferroptotic cell death by modulating ACSL-4 levels.

Increased erastin-induced ferroptosis in Kras mutant CRC cells

CT-116, DLD-1

Induce

[50]

Baicalein

LOX

Suppress both lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation; Selectively activate the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway and inhibit 12/15-LOX

–

PANC1, BxPc3

Inhibit

[11]

Cotylenin A

(CN-A)

_

The combined treatment with CN-A and PEITC synergistically increased ROS levels

CN-A plus PEITC inhibited the proliferation of gemcitabine-resistant PANC-1 cells

MIAPaCa-2, PANC-1

Induce

[11]

Vitamin E

LOX

Inhibits 15-lipox-ygenase via reduction of the enzyme’s non-heme iron from its active Fe3+ state to an inactive Fe2+ state

–

STHdhQ7/Q7

Inhibit

[112]

ATRA

LSH

Promotes ferroptosis through decreasing the expression of LSH

–

A549

Induce

[113]

Vitamin C

miR-93

Significantly increased Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression by decreasing miR-93

Prevents estrogen-induced breast tumor development

MCF-10A, T47D

Inhibit

[38]