Fig. 4

CD73 require its enzymatic activity and occur through adenosine receptor A2A to activate the PI3K/AKT pathway. a Cignal Finder RTK signaling 10-Pathway Reporter Array results demonstrate signaling changes in the indicated HCC cells. b Phosphorylation levels of AKT, GSK3β, and FOXO3a expression levels in the indicated HCC cells as determined by WB assays. c Expressions of EMT-related markers in the indicated HCC cells were detected by WB assays. d Proliferation in the indicated HCC cell lines was evaluated by CCK-8 and colony formation assays. “N.S.” indicated not significant; asterisk indicated P < 0.050, and t tests were used. e Apoptosis in the indicated HCC cell lines was evaluated by flow cytometry assays; asterisk indicated P < 0.050 when compared with control group, and t tests were used. f Invasion in the indicated HCC cell lines was evaluated by Transwell assays; asterisk indicated P < 0.050 when compared with control group, and t tests were used. g Phosphorylation levels of AKT in HCCLM3 cells under different concentrations of APCP (left) or in SMMC7721 cells under different concentrations of adenosine treatments (right) as detected by WB assays. h Phosphorylation levels of AKT in the indicated HCCLM3 (left) or SMMC7721 cells (right) as detected by WB assays. i Phosphorylation levels of AKT in HCCLM3 (left) or Hep3B cells (right) treated with antagonists targeting specific adenosine receptors (A1R, DPCPX; A2AR, KW6002; A2BR, CVT6883; A3R, Reversine). j Phosphorylation levels of AKT in indicated HCCLM3 (left) or SMMC7721 cells (right) as detected by WB assays. All in vitro experiments were performed in triplicate