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Table 3 Ongoing clinical trials evaluating ICB therapies in dMMR/MSI-H tumors

From: Mismatch repair deficiency/microsatellite instability-high as a predictor for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy efficacy

Clinical trial

Phase

Drug treatment

Drugs

Tumor type

Current status

NCT03150706

II

Avelumab

Anti-PD-L1 mAb

Previously treated dMMR/MSI-H or POLE-mutated mCRC

Ongoing

NCT03435107

II

Durvalumab

Anti-PD-L1 mAb

Previously treated dMMR/MSI-H or POLE-mutated mCRC

Ongoing

NCT02983578

II

Durvalumab (MEDI4736) + AZD9150

Anti-PD-L1 mAb + Antisense STAT3

dMMR CRC, NSCLC, and advanced pancreatic cancer

Ongoing

NCT02997228

III

Atezolizumab + mFOLFOX6 + bevacizumab versus mFOLFOX6 + bevacizumab versus atezolizumab

Anti-PD-L1 mAb

dMMR mCRC

Ongoing

NCT02912559

III

Atezolizumab + standard chemotherapy* versus standard chemotherapy*

Anti-PD-L1 mAb

dMMR stage III resected CRC

Ongoing

NCT03257163

II

Pembrolizumab + capecitabine + radiation therapy

Anti-PD-1 mAb

dMMR and Epstein-Barr virus positive GC

Ongoing

NCT02563002

III

Pembrolizumab versus standard therapy**

Anti-PD-1 mAb

dMMR/MSI-H stage IV CRC

Not recruiting

NCT03236935

Ib

Pembrolizumab + L-NMMA

Anti-PD-1 mAb + nitric oxide synthase inhibitor

dMMR/MSI-H cancer, melanoma, NSCLC, HNSCC, classic HL, and urothelial carcinoma

Ongoing

NCT03607890

II

Nivolumab + relatlimab

Anti-PD-1 mAb + anti-LAG-3 mAb

MSI-H solid tumors refractory to prior PD-(L)1 therapy

Not recruiting

NCT02992964

I/II

Nivolumab

Anti-PD-1 mAb

Pediatric patients with hypermutant cancers, including biallelic MMR syndrome

Ongoing

NCT03241745

II

Nivolumab

Anti-PD-1 mAb

dMMR/MSI-H/hypermutated uterine cancer

Ongoing

NCT02060188

II

Nivolumab versus nivolumab + ipilimumab or nivolumab + ipilimumab + cobimetinib or nivolumab + BMS-986016 or nivolumab + daratumumab

Anti-PD-1 mAb + Anti-CTLA-4 mAb + MEK inhibitor + anti-LAG-3 mAb + anti-CD38 mAb

dMMR/pMMR/MSI-H/MSI-L/MSS CRC

Ongoing

  1. Abbreviations: ICBs immune checkpoint blockades, PD-L1 programmed death-ligand 1, mAb monoclonal antibody, dMMR mismatch repair deficient, pMMR mismatch repair proficient, MSI-H microsatellite instability-high, MSI-L microsatellite instability-low, MSS microsatellite stable, CTLA-4 cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4, mCRC metastatic colorectal cancer, CRC colorectal cancer, NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer, GC gastric cancer, HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, HL Hodgkin lymphoma, mFOLFOX 6 denotes fluorouracil plus leucovorin calcium and oxaliplatin
  2. *Standard chemotherapy denotes fluorouracil plus leucovorin calcium and oxaliplatin
  3. **Standard therapy denotes mFOLFOX6 or mFOLFOX6 plus bevacizumab, or mFOLFOX6 plus cetuximab, or FOLFIRI, or FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab, or FOLFIRI plus cetuximab (FOLFIRI denotes irinotecan plus leucovorin and fluorouracil)