Fig. 1

Immunostaining of CD47, PD-L1, CD68, and CD163 in human PDAC. a Staining with an anti-CD47, anti-PD-L1, anti-CD68, and anti-CD163 antibody in the human PDAC tissue samples at × 100 magnification and × 400 magnification. Scale bar = 50 μm (red line at the bottom left). b Results of immunohistochemical staining. c Immunoblotting of CD47 and PD-L1 in PDAC cell lines. ACTB (β-actin) was used as a normalization control. d Kaplan–Meyer plot of OS in 106 PDAC patients with high or low tumor CD47 expression. e Kaplan–Meyer plot of OS in 106 PDAC patients with high or low tumor PD-L1 expression. f, g Kaplan–Meyer plot of OS in 106 PDAC patients with high or low tumor-infiltrating CD68⁺ (f) or CD163⁺ macrophages (g). h–k Kaplan–Meyer plot of OS among four groups of patients divided on the combinations of two variables with high and low expression. h is an illustration of i–k. The four groups are X^low and Y^low in blue, X^high and Y^low in gold, X^low and Y^high in green, and X^high and Y^high in red. “X” and “Y” represent the two different variables (CD47, PD-L1, CD68⁺ M, or CD163⁺ M2). “n” represent the numbers of patients in four groups (blue, gold, green, and red)