Table 2 The ASRs and variations of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer from 1990 to 2017

Global

26.34 (25.89–27.05)

3.26

27.13 (26.55–27.75)

2.45

0.02 (-0.03–0.08)

25.54 (25.1–26.25)

3.33

23.74 (23.25–24.24)

2.54

− 0.34 (− 0.38–− 0.3)

594.04 (582.83–613.2)

3.23

503.05 (491.93–514.34)

2.48

− 0.74 (− 0.8–− 0.68)

High SDI

39.07 (38.76–39.4)

3.47

36.25 (35.5–37.04)

2.00

− 0.41 (-0.49–− 0.33)

35.57 (35.32–35.84)

3.62

28.29 (27.77–28.81)

2.14

− 0.97 (− 1.04–− 0.9)

817.66 (811.1–823.94)

3.41

593.07 (582.05–604.07)

1.98

− 1.33 (− 1.39–− 1.27)

High-middle SDI

29.91 (29.06–30.98)

3.99

34.46 (32.94–35.93)

2.74

0.4 (0.25–0.55)

29.81 (28.98–30.94)

4.00

29.99 (28.74–31.15)

2.82

− 0.12 (− 0.22–− 0.01)

749.67 (726.97–778.93)

3.97

656.82 (628.76–682.81)

2.80

− 0.72 (− 0.85–− 0.59)

Low SDI

10.14 (9.16–11.29)

3.56

10.08 (9.46–10.72)

3.05

0.02 (− 0.21–0.26)

10.71 (9.68–11.93)

3.64

10.82 (10.12–11.51)

3.17

0.08 (− 0.17–0.33)

245.45 (221.25–275.57)

3.36

235.41 (220.98–250.32)

2.74

− 0.11 (− 0.32–0.11)

Low-middle SDI

10.31 (9.59–11.21)

3.00

10.41 (9.81–11.13)

2.73

0.03 (0.01–0.06)

10.79 (10.04–11.7)

3.01

11.01 (10.38–11.73)

2.75

0.08 (0.06–0.11)

254.35 (236.68–276.55)

2.97

247.18 (232.55–263.93)

2.68

− 0.13 (− 0.16–− 0.1)

Middle SDI

19.12 (18.41–20.23)

2.52

24.76 (23.5–26.16)

2.83

1.04 (0.95–1.13)

19.9 (19.16–21.03)

2.52

23.46 (22.38–24.65)

2.73

0.72 (0.67–0.77)

472.34 (453.76–501.45)

2.49

503.86 (478.95–530.3)

2.73

0.25 (0.2–0.31)

Andean Latin America

10.9 (10.17–11.62)

2.03

9.07 (8.21–9.94)

1.42

− 0.78 (− 0.98–− 0.59)

11.6 (10.8–12.36)

2.06

9.76 (8.86–10.67)

1.45

− 0.73 (− 0.93–− 0.54)

259.62 (242.39–276.94)

1.97

204.07 (183.98–224.59)

1.35

− 0.99 (− 1.19–− 0.79)

Australasia

34.96 (34.13–35.85)

3.10

31.69 (28.91–34.62)

1.60

− 0.4 (− 0.47–− 0.34)

30.6 (30.01–31.21)

3.28

22.32 (20.41–24.23)

1.66

− 1.32 (− 1.38–− 1.25)

682.37 (668.99–695.83)

2.93

456.72 (415.5–496.96)

1.52

− 1.65 (− 1.72–− 1.58)

Caribbean

19.82 (19.23–20.67)

2.80

19.35 (18–20.86)

2.17

0.02 (− 0.05–0.09)

21.11 (20.5–21.96)

2.82

20.08 (18.64–21.56)

2.18

− 0.06 (− 0.13–0.02)

458.68 (444.02–480.37)

2.71

433.97 (401.41–468.43)

2.08

− 0.15 (− 0.2–− 0.09)

Central Asia

23.09 (22.64–23.54)

5.63

15.63 (14.98–16.3)

4.97

− 1.5 (− 1.73–− 1.27)

23.09 (22.65–23.51)

5.58

16.12 (15.47–16.78)

5.04

− 1.36 (− 1.59–− 1.14)

625.67 (613.17–637.9)

5.75

388.11 (370.76–405.12)

4.82

− 1.87 (− 2.08–− 1.65)

Central Europe

35.9 (35.44–36.39)

6.14

35.42 (34.3–36.51)

3.14

0 (− 0.11–0.11)

35.56 (35.11–36.07)

6.10

34.3 (33.25–35.35)

3.28

− 0.09 (− 0.18–0)

933.31 (920.48–946.37)

6.17

822.54 (796.38–847.48)

3.10

− 0.47 (− 0.57–− 0.37)

Central Latin America

12.35 (12.2–12.52)

2.30

9.4 (9.02–9.79)

2.03

− 1.25 (− 1.33–− 1.17)

13.17 (13–13.34)

2.32

9.97 (9.59–10.38)

2.03

− 1.27 (− 1.35–− 1.18)

288.7 (284.86–292.51)

2.24

208.83 (200.51–218.03)

1.95

− 1.44 (− 1.51–− 1.36)

Central sub-Saharan Africa

10.95 (9.14–13.24)

3.50

9.1 (7.6–11.41)

3.31

− 0.78 (− 0.94–− 0.62)

11.58 (9.66–13.96)

3.51

9.63 (8.05–12.06)

3.33

− 0.77 (− 0.94–− 0.61)

267.73 (220.82–326.5)

3.48

222.19 (183.56–281.77)

3.28

− 0.8 (− 0.96–− 0.64)

East Asia

27.24 (26.06–28.98)

2.31

41.54 (39.8–43.37)

2.41

1.66 (1.53–1.79)

28.11 (26.89–29.93)

2.32

35.94 (34.41–37.34)

2.38

1.02 (0.95–1.09)

665.67 (635.14–711.27)

2.24

751.11 (718.1–782.06)

2.39

0.42 (0.31–0.52)

Eastern Europe

33.44 (32.57–34.35)

8.45

26.33 (25.44–27.21)

6.48

− 1.23 (− 1.48–− 0.98)

31.31 (30.71–31.75)

8.70

21.1 (20.66–21.55)

7.32

− 1.88 (− 2.12–− 1.63)

838.2 (819.27–852.15)

9.16

529.08 (516.65–541.2)

7.21

− 2.18 (− 2.46–− 1.91)

Eastern sub-Saharan Africa

8.64 (7.63–9.72)

3.86

7.21 (6.68–7.9)

3.44

− 0.8 (− 0.87–− 0.73)

9.3 (8.26–10.43)

3.91

7.83 (7.26–8.6)

3.54

− 0.75 (− 0.82–− 0.69)

201.39 (176.39–228.78)

3.70

164.8 (152.48–181.65)

3.21

− 0.9 (− 0.98–− 0.81)

High-income Asia Pacific

26.83 (26.54–27.15)

3.62

28.92 (27.77–30.06)

3.21

0.25 (0.1–0.4)

22.41 (22.16–22.63)

3.74

20.77 (20.1–21.43)

3.34

− 0.42 (− 0.62–− 0.23)

455.56 (449.69–460.72)

3.55

382.8 (368.97–396.18)

3.13

− 0.8 (− 0.99–− 0.6)

High-income North America

53.24 (52.57–53.91)

2.22

44.22 (42.92–45.51)

1.41

− 1.02 (− 1.24–− 0.81)

46.67 (46.24–47.1)

2.33

34.09 (33.25–34.99)

1.50

− 1.44 (− 1.6–− 1.28)

1083.68 (1073.28–1094.01)

2.15

702.16 (683.25–721.43)

1.45

− 1.92 (− 2.07–− 1.78)

North Africa and Middle East

16.16 (14.93–17.74)

5.18

14.64 (13.83–15.42)

4.30

− 0.23 (− 0.34–− 0.12)

16.6 (15.32–18.26)

5.18

15.23 (14.39–16)

4.37

− 0.16 (− 0.27–− 0.04)

404.46 (370.85–443.47)

5.02

340.62 (321.82–358.68)

4.15

− 0.52 (− 0.63–− 0.41)

Oceania

22.19 (19.05–28.36)

3.03

23.56 (19.68–31.02)

2.91

0.26 (0.25–0.28)

22.95 (19.74–29.32)

3.02

24.59 (20.68–32.06)

2.89

0.3 (0.28–0.31)

562.62 (476.64–728.7)

3.12

583.26 (483.35–784.81)

2.97

0.19 (0.16–0.21)

South Asia

8.69 (8.01–9.42)

3.77

9.19 (8.64–9.81)

2.88

0.21 (0.04–0.38)

9.12 (8.4–9.89)

3.83

9.77 (9.16–10.4)

2.96

0.25 (0.07–0.43)

213.17 (196.68–230.95)

3.63

219.2 (205.77–233.26)

2.67

0.1 (− 0.06–0.26)

Southeast Asia

20.95 (19.53–22.83)

2.62

20.67 (18.93–22.72)

2.93

− 0.12 (− 0.2–− 0.05)

21.89 (20.45–23.87)

2.61

21.94 (20.1–24.18)

2.93

− 0.05 (− 0.13–0.03)

518.32 (481.9–566.49)

2.63

484.12 (443.23–530.59)

2.92

− 0.35 (− 0.42–− 0.28)

Southern Latin America

24.12 (23.56–24.69)

5.04

19.12 (17.69–20.7)

2.44

− 0.89 (− 0.94–− 0.84)

24.95 (24.37–25.54)

4.99

20.01 (18.53–21.66)

2.48

− 0.84 (− 0.88–− 0.79)

610.41 (595.3–626.01)

5.15

444.97 (410.02–483.38)

2.37

− 1.23 (− 1.28–− 1.18)

Southern sub-Saharan Africa

16.16 (14.85–19.48)

3.08

14.69 (14.03–15.39)

3.03

− 0.51 (− 0.98–− 0.03)

16.7 (15.28–20.09)

3.04

15.4 (14.7–16.12)

3.00

− 0.43 (− 0.88–0.03)

415.68 (383.33–495.34)

3.19

362.31 (344.91–380.44)

3.13

− 0.72 (− 1.26–− 0.18)

Tropical Latin America

14.95 (14.62–15.22)

2.52

13.64 (13.31–14.01)

1.74

− 0.42 (− 0.56–− 0.28)

15.73 (15.4–15.99)

2.54

14.44 (14.1–14.8)

1.78

− 0.39 (− 0.53–− 0.25)

363.48 (356.03–370.07)

2.48

315.16 (307.69–323.21)

1.63

− 0.62 (− 0.78–− 0.46)

Western Europe

35.36 (34.98–35.81)

5.11

34.11 (32.7–35.49)

2.16

− 0.12 (− 0.16–− 0.07)

33.43 (33.11–33.75)

5.16

27.2 (26.23–28.2)

2.36

− 0.76 (− 0.79–− 0.72)

777.62 (770.03–785.76)

4.94

595.84 (573.77–619.39)

2.15

− 1 (− 1.03–− 0.96)

Western sub-Saharan Africa

8.21 (7.1–9.66)

3.15

8.06 (6.98–9.41)

2.85

0.07 (− 0.04–0.18)

8.8 (7.6–10.32)

3.17

8.71 (7.55–10.14)

2.86

0.11 (− 0.01–0.22)

185.79 (159.72–219.77)

3.02

178.33 (154.13–209.79)

2.72

− 0.03 (− 0.15–0.08)