Fig. 5

Ex vivo oncolytic activity of BVDV on CD138⁺ primary cells. The graphs represent the individual values of percentage (a) and MFI (b) of CD138⁺ cells obtained from BM MNCs of 31 patients treated with BVDV (1 MOI) for 72 h and in the untreated control. c The scatter plot displays the CD138⁺ cells mortality between BM MNCs from 18 patients with newly diagnosed MM (MM ND) and BM MNCs from 11 relapsed MM (MM R) patients; the analysis was performed as described in the “Methods” section. The p value was calculated by Mann-Whitney test (ns = not significant). d The scatter plot shown the CD138⁺ cells mortality between BM MNCs from 5 patients refractory to Bor treatment and BM MNCs from 5 Len-refractory patients; the analysis was performed as described in the “Methods” section. The p value was calculated by Mann-Whitney test (ns = not significant). The graphs show the percentage (e) and MFI (f) of CD14+ cells obtained from BM MNCs of 31 patients treated with BVDV (1 MOI) for 72 h and in the untreated control. The graphs represent the individual values of the percentage of CD3-positive cells (g) obtained from BM MNCs of 20 patients, the percentage of CD19-positive cells (h) obtained from BM MNCs of 16 patients and the percentage of CD56-positive cells (i) obtained from BM MNCs of 16 patients. All BM MNCs were treated with BVDV for 72 h or untreated as control condition. Paired sample are linked by a line. The p value was calculated by Wilcoxon’s test (CNT = control, untreated cells)