|
Demographics
|
|
Age (> 70 years)
|
7.74 [1.51–78.12]
|
0.007
|
1.32 [0.29–5.47]
|
0.744
|
|
Sex (male)
|
3.7 [1.08–13.81]
|
0.030
|
1.33 [0.34–5.48]
|
0.762
|
|
Race (non-White)
|
1.87 [0.55–6.51]
|
0.275
|
10.49 [1.35–481.76]
|
0.011
|
|
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2)
|
1.98 [0.56–7.72]
|
0.272
|
2.04 [0.5–8.4]
|
0.340
|
|
Comorbidities
|
|
High cardiovascular risk profile (≥ 2 of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes)
|
3.42 [1.01–12.4]
|
0.032
|
2.46 [0.59–12.43]
|
0.221
|
|
Hypertension
|
1.38 [0.4–4.73]
|
0.585
|
2.5 [0.55–15.93]
|
0.220
|
|
Hyperlipidemia
|
2.24 [0.66–7.81]
|
0.170
|
4.88 [0.92–49.98]
|
0.057
|
|
Diabetes
|
6.18 [1.19–62.84]
|
0.016
|
1.07 [0.2–4.67]
|
1.000
|
|
Coronary artery disease
|
Inf [1.64–Inf]
|
0.009
|
2.49 [0.43–13.07]
|
0.233
|
|
Stroke
|
∞ [0.58–∞]
|
0.145
|
2.24 [0.17–22.05]
|
0.585
|
|
Congestive heart failure
|
∞ [0.96–∞]
|
0.037
|
5.26 [0.76–41.93]
|
0.051
|
|
Current or former smoker
|
1.98 [0.56–7.72]
|
0.272
|
2.04 [0.5–8.4]
|
0.340
|
|
Lung disease (COPD, emphysema, asthma, bronchiectasis)
|
1.28 [0.29–6.69]
|
1.000
|
0.57 [0.05–3.3]
|
0.711
|
|
Chronic kidney disease (eGFR < 60 mL/min)
|
1.13 [0.28–5.06]
|
1.000
|
0.82 [0.12–3.97]
|
1.000
|
|
History of other malignancy
|
2.59 [0.23–135.24]
|
0.640
|
5.51 [0.56–73.43]
|
0.085
|
|
Number of comorbidities
|
1/3
|
0.011
|
2/3.5
|
0.055
|
|
Concomitant medications
|
|
Anticoagulation
|
3.77 [0.69–39.19]
|
0.108
|
1.78 [0.32–8.51]
|
0.457
|
|
ACE inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker
|
1.73 [0.52–6.06]
|
0.416
|
2.81 [0.7–12.6]
|
0.126
|
|
Beta blocker
|
9.63 [1.89–97.14]
|
0.002
|
2.35 [0.58–9.72]
|
0.203
|
|
Metformin
|
5.85 [0.69–278.29]
|
0.133
|
0.35 [0.01–3.08]
|
0.431
|
|
Statin
|
12.06 [2.78–76.13]
|
< 0.001
|
6.21 [1.37–39.77]
|
0.012
|
|
Aspirin
|
0.97 [0.28–3.23]
|
1.000
|
0.92 [0.23–3.83]
|
1.000
|
|
NSAID
|
1.23 [0.06–76.27]
|
1.000
|
1.6 [0.03–33.14]
|
1.000
|
|
Oral corticosteroids
|
1.66 [0.51–5.61]
|
0.420
|
2.69 [0.65–13.59]
|
0.139
|
|
Disease characteristics
|
|
Light chain disease
|
2.09 [0.44–13.55]
|
0.342
|
1.19 [0.26–4.88]
|
1.000
|
|
High risk cytogenetics
|
1.49 [0.43–5.52]
|
0.577
|
1.44 [0.33–6.03]
|
0.747
|
|
Current response status
|
|
sCR or CR
|
0.2 [0.04–0.8]
|
0.013
|
0.4 [0.04–2.23]
|
0.317
|
|
Current MM treatment regimen
|
|
Contains CD38 mAb
|
0.9 [0.27–2.95]
|
1.000
|
0.75 [0.18–2.96]
|
0.762
|
|
Contains IMiD
|
1.04 [0.31–3.43]
|
1.000
|
0.76 [0.19–3.04]
|
0.761
|
|
Contains proteasome inhibitor
|
2.11 [0.6–8.17]
|
0.267
|
1.91 [0.47–7.78]
|
0.350
|
|
Contains corticosteroids
|
1.49 [0.45–4.99]
|
0.589
|
1.95 [0.49–8.67]
|
0.363
|
|
Contains venetoclax
|
0.38 [0.03–3.62]
|
0.357
|
0 [0–3.45]
|
0.322
|
|
No active treatment
|
1.08 [0.23–5.79]
|
1.000
|
1.22 [0.18–6.34]
|
1.000
|
|
Biochemical parameters at last clinic visit before COVID-19 episode
|
|
Leukocytopenia (< 4 × 10e9/L)
|
0.67 [0.19–2.34]
|
0.571
|
0.68 [0.13–2.88]
|
0.749
|
|
Lymphocytopenia (< 0.5 × 10e9/L)
|
∞ [0.99–∞]
|
0.036
|
0 [0–2.07]
|
0.176
|
|
Neutropenia (< 2 × 10e9/L)
|
0.64 [0.16–2.52]
|
0.542
|
0.39 [0.04–2.16]
|
0.312
|
|
IgG level (mg/dL)
|
1074.5/738
|
0.297
|
869/718
|
0.074
|
|
Hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG < 700 mg/dL)
|
1.42 [0.41–5.24]
|
0.584
|
1.39 [0.33–5.61]
|
0.751
|
|
Severe hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG < 400 mg/dL)
|
∞ [0.79–∞]
|
0.072
|
7.80 [0.97–97.75]
|
0.027
|
|
Immunoparesis
|
3.58 [0.46–43.2]
|
0.192
|
1.70 [0.17–87.01]
|
1.000
|
|
Peak biochemical parameters during hospitalization
|
Note: variables below only apply to the subset of patients hospitalized at Mount Sinai Hospital
|
n = 23
|
|
CRP (mg/L)
|
–
|
–
|
144.8/289.4
|
0.019
|
|
Total leukocyte count (× 10e9/L) (lowest)
|
–
|
–
|
2.9/4.2
|
0.444
|
|
Absolute lymphocyte count (× 10e9/L) (lowest)
|
–
|
–
|
0.4/0.2
|
0.319
|
|
Creatinine (mg/dL)
|
–
|
–
|
1.1/2.5
|
0.052
|
|
Procalcitonin (ng/mL)
|
–
|
–
|
0.5/2.3
|
0.010
|
|
Ferritin (μg/L)
|
–
|
–
|
1282/3474
|
0.007
|
|
Fibrinogen (mg/dL)
|
–
|
–
|
646/667
|
0.888
|
|
D-dimer (mg/L)
|
–
|
–
|
2/18.2
|
0.004
|
|
LDH (U/L)
|
–
|
–
|
478/830
|
0.065
|
|
ALT (U/L)
|
–
|
–
|
43.5/76.5
|
0.244
|
|
AST (U/L)
|
–
|
–
|
49.5/100
|
0.054
|
|
IL-1b (pg/mL)
|
–
|
–
|
0.5/0.5
|
1.000
|
|
IL-6 (pg/mL)
|
–
|
–
|
119.2/296.8
|
0.117
|
|
IL-8 (pg/mL)
|
–
|
–
|
46.6/137
|
0.104
|
|
TNF-alfa (pg/mL)
|
–
|
–
|
29.4/21.3
|
0.574
|
