Table 3 Prognostic factors for mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies and COVID-19 (n = 697): time-to-event analysis
Pre-infection prognostic factors | Unadjusted (univariable) | Partially adjusted* (partial multivariable) | Adjusted analysis (full multivariable model)† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
HR‡ (95%CI) | HR‡ (95%CI) | HR‡ (95%CI) | P value | |
Age, years | ||||
18–49 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | – |
50–59 | 2.18 (0.85–5.56) | 1.60 (0.61–4.23) | 1.79 (0.66–4.89) | 0.25 |
60–69 | 3.40 (1.43–8.12) | 2.73 (1.12–6.66) | 3.17 (1.25–8.00) | 0.015 |
70–79 | 5.09 (2.22–11.7) | 4.17 (1.78–9.79) | 5.20 (2.12–12.8) | < 0.001 |
≥ 80 | 9.29 (4.07–21.2) | 7.37 (3.12–17.4) | 10.1 (4.03–25.4) | < 0.001 |
Sex | ||||
Female | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | |
Male | 1.05 (0.81–1.37) | 1.01 (0.77–1.33) | 1.13 (0.85–1.51) | 0.4 |
Comorbidities, n | ||||
0 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | |
1 | 1.30 (0.82–2.06) | 0.97 (0.60–1.56) | 0.99 (0.60–1.64) | 0.9 |
2 | 1.95 (1.25–3.04) | 1.15 (0.72–1.84) | 1.17 (0.72–1.92) | 0.5 |
≥ 3 | 2.55 (1.67–3.88) | 1.40 (0.89–2.20) | 1.51 (0.95–2.40) | 0.08 |
Hematologic malignancy | ||||
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | |
Multiple myeloma | 1.08 (0.74–1.59) | 0.86 (0.58–1.27) | 0.80 (0.49–1.28) | 0.4 |
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia | 1.01 (0.74–1.65) | 0.80 (0.52–1.24) | 0.92 (0.56–1.51) | 0.8 |
Hodgkin lymphoma | 0.79 (0.39–1.60) | 0.96 (0.47–1.96) | 1.20 (0.56–2.58) | 0.6 |
Acute lymphoid leukemia | 0.43 (0.10–1.74) | 1.02 (0.24–4.38) | 1.52 (0.36–6.58) | 0.6 |
Acute myeloid leukemia | 1.39 (0.88–2.19) | 1.47 (0.92–2.35) | 2.22 (1.31–3.74) | 0.003 |
Myelodysplastic syndrome | 1.43 (0.93–2.19) | 0.86 (0.52–1.24) | 1.14 (0.68–1.90) | 0.6 |
Chronic myeloid leukemia | 0.32 (0.08–1.32) | 0.33 (0.08–1.36) | 0.37 (0.08–1.70) | 0.20 |
Ph-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms | 0.52 (0.28–0.97) | 0.33 (0.17–0.64) | 0.33 (0.14–0.81) | 0.015 |
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation | ||||
No | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | |
Autologous | 0.45 (0.23–0.87) | 0.90 (0.36–2.26) | 0.79 (0.31–2.07) | 0.6 |
Allogeneic | 0.46 (0.19–1.11) | 0.57 (0.28–1.19) | 0.56 (0.27–1.19) | 0.13 |
Active antineoplastic treatment§ | ||||
No active therapy | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | |
Conventional chemotherapy | 1.04 (0.73–1.48) | 1.56 (1.08–2.27) | 1.50 (0.99–2.29) | 0.0561 |
Low-intensity chemotherapy | 0.50 (0.24–1.03) | 0.46 (0.22–0.95) | 1.04 (0.43–2.50) | 0.9 |
Molecular targeted therapy | 0.74 (0.47–1.18) | 0.74 (0.45–1.22) | 1.07 (0.61–1.88) | 0.8 |
Monoclonal antibodies | 1.37 (0.83–2.28) | 1.73 (1.02–2.93) | 2.02 (1.14–3.60) | 0.016 |
Immunomodulatory drugs | 1.08 (0.64–1.84) | 1.14 (0.66–1.98) | 1.64 (0.82–3.24) | 0.16 |
Hypomethylating agents | 1.03 (0.55–1.92) | 0.74 (0.45–1.22) | 0.47 (0.23–0.94) | 0.032 |
Supportive care | 2.01 (0.93–4.33) | 1.15 (0.53–2.50) | 1.50 (0.66–3.40) | 0.3 |
Not detailed | 0.88 (0.43–1.82) | 0.86 (0.40–1.86) | 0.86 (0.12–6.40) | 0.9 |