Fig. 4

Hepatic NOD2 deficiency reduces DEN/CCl₄-induced DNA damage. a, b Representative immunohistochemistry staining and semi-quantitative analysis of 8-OHdG (a) and γ-H2AX (b) in liver sections of Nod2^f/f and Nod2^△hep mice treated with DEN/CCl₄ for the indicated time points. Arrowheads indicate γ-H2AX⁺ cells, n = 5. c Representative immunofluorescence images and quantification of ROS in liver of Nod2^f/f and Nod2^△hep mice treated with DEN/CCl₄ for the indicated time points, n = 5. d Western blot analysis and quantification of ATM/CHK2, ATR/CHK1 pathways and γ-H2AX⁺ in livers of Nod2^f/f and Nod2^△hep mice treated with DEN/CCl₄ for the indicated time points, n = 3. e Allelic imbalances (AI) were measured using TaqMan copy number assay in livers of Nod2^f/f and Nod2^△hep mice treated with DEN/CCl₄ for the indicated time points. Each square represents one area of microdissected liver tissue, and lines indicate different areas of the same liver sample (red, AI; black, no AI). Data were shown as mean ± SD, and significance was determined using Student’s t test (a–d). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Scale bar, 100 μm or 25 μm