Table 1 Impact of treating non-responders and the incurred response dichotomy on the required sample size (N) and empirical power (EP). Response dicotomy is measured by the proportion of responders (p%) among the treatment arm at baseline. Target power is 80%. Lag duration is 1 month. Hazard ratio for responding patients is 0.3. Total study duration is 5 years. Enrollment rate is 0.53 subjects/day

From: Treating non-responders: pitfalls and implications for cancer immunotherapy trial design