Fig. 5

YM101 counteracted the PD-1/PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression. a YM101 reversed the PD-1/PD-L1 axis-caused inhibition of IL-2 generation. The T cell activation assay was performed in the presence of exogeneous PD-L1 and YM101 or controls. b The CFSE dilution assays showed that YM101 antagonized the PD-1/PD-L1 axis-mediated proliferation inhibition in T cells. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001 denote the significant difference relative to YM101 treatment. α-TGF-β: anti-TGF-β, α-PD-L1: anti-PD-L1