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Fig. 1 | Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Fig. 1

From: Regulatory mechanisms, functions, and clinical significance of CircRNAs in triple-negative breast cancer

Fig. 1

Biogenesis mechanism of EcircRNA and EIciRNA circRNAs. a Intron-pairing-driven circularization: the upstream intron pairs with the downstream intron, then the 2′-hydroxyl of the upstream intron reacts with the 5′-phosphate of the downstream intron, followed by the 3′-hydroxyl of the 3′-exon reacting with the 5′-phosphate of the 5′-exon; b RBPs-dependent circularization: RNA binding proteins (RBPs) bind the upstream and downstream introns and are attracted to each other, and form a bridge between the introns, then the 2′-hydroxyl of the upstream intron reacts with the 5′-phosphate of the downstream intron, followed by the 3′-hydroxyl of the 3′-exon reacting with the 5′-phosphate of the 5′-exon; c Lariat-driven circularization: Folding of a region of pre-RNA can result in exon skipping; furthermore, the splice donor in 3′ end of exon 1 and the splice acceptor in 5′ end of exon 4 are covalently joined together to form a lariat containing exon 2 and exon 3; d Fusion-circRNAs contain two exon circRNA fragments flanked by GT-AC splicing signals acting as the splice donor and acceptor of the circular junction while forming an integrated circRNA

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