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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients

From: CD38-directed CAR-T cell therapy: a novel immunotherapy strategy for relapsed acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Patient characteristics

N = 6 (%)

Median age (range) years

34.5 (7–52)

Female sex

1 (16.7%)

ECOG performance status ≤ 2

6 (100%)

Disease

 

AML

5 (83.3%)

AML evolving from MDS

1 (16.7%)

Median percentage of CD38 positive blasts (%)

95% (92–99%)

Allo-HSCT donor

 

Unrelated donor (10/10)

2 (33.3%)

Haplo donor (5/10)

4 (66.7%)

Conditioning regimen

 

Modified BuCy

5 (83.3%)

Decitabine + TBI-Cy

1 (16.7%)

Median time to recurrence post-allo-HSCT (months)

7.5 (5–17)

Treatment for relapsed AML post-allo-HSCT

 

Withdrawal of immunosuppression

5 (83.3%)

Donor lymphocyte infusion

2 (33.3%)

Azacitidine + Venetoclax

2 (33.3%)

Lenalidomide

1 (16.7%)

Interferon-α

1 (16.7%)

Tumor reduction chemotherapy before CAR-T-38 infusion

 

Decitabine + HAAG

5 (83.3%)

Decitabine + EAAG

1 (16.7%)

Source of CAR-T-38

 

Autologous

4 (66.7%)

Donor

2 (33.3%)

Median CAR-T-38 dose (range)

8.05 (6.1–10) × 106/kg

Treatment response

 

1 week after CAR-T-38 infusion

2 CRi (33.3%)

2 weeks after CAR-T-38 infusion

4 CRi (66.7%)

4 weeks after CAR-T-38 infusion

4 (3 CR and 1 CRi) (66.7%)

6-month cumulative recurrence

2 (50%)

Adverse events

 

GvHD

0 (0.0%)

CRS grade 1–2

5 (83.3%)

CRS grade 3 (hematological toxicity)

1 (16.7%)

ICANS

0 (0.0%)

Neutropenia (< 500/μl)

6 (100.0%)

Thrombocytopenia (< 10,000/μl)

6 (100.0%)

Documented infection

1(16.7%)

  1. ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; AML: Acute myeloid leukemia; MDS: Myelodysplastic syndrome; allo-HSCT: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; Haplo donor: Haploidentical donor; BuCy: High-dose busulfan and cyclophosphamide; TBI: Total body irradiation. HAAG: Homoharringtonine (H), Cytarabine (A), Aclarubicin (A), Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G); ECAG: Etoposide (E), Cytarabine (C), Aclarubicin (A), Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G); CRS: Cytokine release syndrome; ICANS: Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome