Table 4 Nanomaterials applied in cancer immunotherapy
From: Nanomaterials for cancer therapy: current progress and perspectives
Name of drug | Component | Cancer types tested | Outcome | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
G7-aPD-L1 | Dendrimer and anti-PD-L1 antibody | Human renal carcinoma and breast cancer cells | G7-aPD-L1 showed significantly enhanced binding strength to PD-L1 proteins compared to free aPD-L1 | [218] |
Doxil synergized with mAbs | Liposomal doxorubicin, anti-PD-1 and CTLA-4 mAbs | Mouse colon cancer cells and mouse fibrosarcoma cells | Doxil synergized with anti-PD-1 and CTLA-4 mAbs in a preventative CT26 mouse tumor model and Doxil activity increased in the presence of a functional immune system | [220] |
NPsiCTLA-4 | Nanoparticle, CTLA-4 siRNA | B16 melanoma mouse model | NPsiCTLA-4 delivered CTLA-4-siRNA into tumor sites and affected T cell subsets, exhibiting augmented T cell activation. Induced anti-tumor immune responses | [221] |
NP-based mRNA vaccine | Nanoparticle, mRNA encoding tumor antigen Mucin-1 | Mouse triple negative breast cancer cells and female BALB/c mice | The NP-based mRNA vaccine successfully expressed tumor antigen in mouse lymph node and a synergic anti-tumor effect was shown | [222] |
rGO/MTX/SB | rGO, MTX, transforming growth factor beta inhibitor SB-431542 (SB) | Triple negative breast cancer mouse model | A synergistic chemo-immuno-photothermal anti-tumor effect by in situ vaccination and TME inhibition was exhibited after laser irradiation | [223] |
IFN-γNE2 | Nanoemulsion, IFN-γ | Human breast cancer cells | IFN-γNE2 reduced MCF-7 cell viability without affecting phagocytes and induced cellular activity of phagocytes | [107] |