Fig. 6

Therapeutic potential of KAI1 to inhibit tumor angiogenesis and growth. a Left, In vitro matrigel tube formation assay using cellular spheroid consisting of MS1, 10T1/2 (WT and Kai1-KD), and B16 (melanoma cancer cell line) cells treated with 40 ng/mL of rhVEGF-A following the treatment with rhKAI1 (800 ng/mL). Scale bar, 100 μm. Right, Quantification of the obtained results (*p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001, Means ± SEM, 3 technical replicates). b Overview of experiment design applied to ELISA and western blot. c ELISA assay measuring the levels of mouse Lif and mouse Vegfa secreted into the media of three-hybrid spheres consisting of cancer (melanoma cells) and blood vessel cells, namely primary EC, as well as primary PC transfected with a mock vector (Group 1) and PC overexpressing Kai1 (Group 2). d Left, Vegfr2 phosphorylation levels and Kai1 immunoblotting results in group 1 and 2. Right, quantification of the obtained results (*p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, Means ± SEM, 3 technical replicates)