Table 1 Features of MRD detection methods
From: Prognostic and therapeutic implications of measurable residual disease in acute myeloid leukemia
Platform | Case applicability | Sensitivitya | Advantages (+)/disadvantages (−) |
|---|---|---|---|
Karyotyping | ~ 50% | 1/20 | + Widely available + Well-standardized − Slow turnaround time − Labor intensive − Requires pre-existing abnormal karyotype |
FISH | ~ 50% | 1/100 | + Useful for numeric cytogenetic abnormalities + Relatively quick turnaround time − Labor intensive − Requires pre-existing abnormal karyotype |
RT-qPCR | ~ 40–50% | 1/10,000–1/1,000,000 | + Widely available + Well-standardized + Relatively inexpensive − Single gene assessed per assay − Mutations occurring outside of primer-spanning regions of gene will be missed |
MFC | Almost all | 1/1,000–1/100,000 | + Widely available + Relatively quick turnaround time + Widely applicable − Not fully standardized − Analysis and interpretation require high-level expertize |
NGS | > 95% | 1/100–1/1,000,000 | + Simultaneous assessment of numerous targets + Can detect mutations in any sequenced portion of a gene + Very widely applicable − Not widely available − Slow turnaround time − Not standardized − Expensive (particularly to achieve high sensitivity) − Analysis and interpretation require high-level expertize |