Table 2 Cytogenetic risk classification of multiple myeloma [45]
From: Prognostic and predictive biomarker developments in multiple myeloma
Cytogenetic abnormality | Genes affected | Percentage in MM | Prognosis |
|---|---|---|---|
Trisomies | Odd-numbered chromosomes | 40–50 | Favourable |
Monosomy 13 | RB1 | 45–50 | Intermediate |
1q gain | CKS1B and others | 35–40 | Poor |
1p del | FAM46C, CDKN2C and FAF1 | 30 | Poor |
MYC 8q24 | MYC | 15–20 | Poor |
t(4;14) | FGFR-3 and MMSET | 15 | Poor/Intermediate |
t(11;14) | CCND1 | 15 | Favourable |
17p del | TP53 | 10 | Poor |
t(6;14) | CCND3 | 5 | Favourable |
t(14;16) | c-MAF | 5 | Poor |
t(14;20) | MAFB | 1 | Poor |