Table 2 Roles of ALKBH5 in human malignancies

Oncogene

Breast cancer

HIF-1α/2α

NANOG, KLF4

Increased mRNA stability

–

Cancer stem cell enrichment

[74, 75]

–

–

–

–

–

Survival, proliferation, migration

[72]

Glioma

–

G6PD

Increased mRNA stability

Pentose phosphate pathway

Proliferation, energy metabolism

[77]

miR-193a-3p

AKT2

Increased mRNA stability and decreased protein degradation

AKT2 pathway

Proliferation, survival

[78]

Glioblastoma

FOXM1-As (lncRNA)

FOXM1

Up-regulation of nascent transcripts by HuR

–

Stem cell self-renewal, proliferation

[82]

–

CHK1, RAD51, FOXM1, YAP1

–

–

Radioresistance, invasion

[83]

SOX2OT (lncRNA)

SOX2

–

Wnt5a/β-catenin signaling

Temozolomide resistance

[85]

–

NEAT1 (lncRNA)

Increased RNA stability

–

Immune evasion

[134]

Non-small cell lung cancer^a

–

TIMP3

Decreased mRNA stability

–

Proliferation, survival

[87]

–

UBE2C

Increased mRNA stability

–

Proliferation

[88]

LKB1

SOX2, SMAD7, MYC

Decreased YTHDF2-dependent mRNA decay

–

Proliferation, migration

[89]

Lung adenocarcinoma

–

FOXM1

Increased translation

–

Proliferation, invasion

[90]

–

RMRP (lncRNA)

–

–

Proliferation, migration, invasion, survival

[91]

Ovarian carcinoma

–

BCL2

Increased mRNA stability

Autophagy

Proliferation

[94]

TLR4

NANOG

–

–

Proliferation, survival

[95]

Acute myeloid leukemia

–

TACC3

Increased mRNA stability

P21 and MYC pathways

Proliferation, survival, stem cell self-renewal

[98]

KDM4C, MLL1/3, MYB

AXL

Decreased YTHDF2-dependent mRNA decay

PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

Proliferation, survival, stem cell self-renewal

[99]

Gastric cancer

–

NEAT1 (lncRNA)

–

–

Invasion, metastasis

[101]

Colon cancer^a

–

NEAT1 (lncRNA)

–

–

Proliferation, migration, survival

[102]

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

–

PDL1

–

–

Immune evasion, immunotherapy resistance

[132]

Endometrial Cancer

–

IGF1R

–

IGF1R signaling pathway

Proliferation, invasion

[103]

HIF-1α/2α

SOX2

–

–

Stem-like state

[104]

Renal cell carcinoma^a

HIF-1α

AURKB

Increased mRNA stability

–

Proliferation

[105]

HBV related hepatocellular carcinoma

HBx

HBx mRNA

Increased mRNA stability

–

Proliferation, migration

[106]

Osteosarcoma^a

–

PVT1 (lncRNA)

Decreased YTHDF2-dependent mRNA decay

–

Proliferation

[107]

Uveal melanoma

EP300

FOXM1

Increased mRNA stability

–

Proliferation, migration, invasion, survival, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

[108]

Pituitary adenomas

HIF-1α

NANOG

–

–

Proliferation

[109]

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

–

CDKN1A

Decreased mRNA stability

–

Proliferation, migration

[110]

Oral squamous cell carcinoma

DDX3

FOXM1, NANOG

–

–

Chemoresistance to cisplatin

[112]

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

–

PDL1

Decreased YTHDF2-dependent mRNA decay

–

Immune evasion, immunotherapy resistance

[132]

Tumor suppressor

Bladder cancer

–

CSNK2A1

Increased mRNA stability

Glycolysis pathway

Proliferation, migration, invasion, chemoresistance to cisplatin

[114]

–

ITGA6

Promotion in translation by YTHDF1/3

–

Cell adhesion, proliferation

[115]

Pancreatic cancer

–

KCNK15-AS1 (lncRNA)

–

–

Migration, invasion

[119]

P53

PER1

Increased YTHDF2-dependent mRNA decay

ATM-CHK2-P53/CDC25C signaling pathway

Proliferation, migration, invasion

[120]

–

WIF1

Decreased transcription

Wnt signaling pathway

Proliferation, migration, invasion, chemoresistance to gemcitabine

[121]

Non-small cell lung cancer^a

–

YAP1, miR-107/LATS2

Competitive binding by YTHDF1 and YTHDF2; inhibition of miR-107/LATS2–mediated YAP1 phosphorylation by HuR

–

Proliferation, migration, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

[122]

Osteosarcoma^a

–

Pre-miR-181b-1, YAP1

Increased YTHDF2-dependent miRNA decay; Increased YTHDF1-dependent translation

–

Prolifertion, migration, invasion, survival

[123]

Colon cancer^a

–

–

–

–

Invasion, metastasis

[124]

Hepatocellular carcinoma

–

LYPD1

Increased IGF2BP1-dependent mRNA stabilization

–

Proliferation, invasion

[126]