Skip to main content
Fig. 1 | Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Fig. 1

From: Immunosuppressive cells in cancer: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets

Fig. 1

The immunosuppressive cells in tumor micro-environment. Immune cells infiltrate into the tumor microenvironment, interact with each other and tumor cells, and then harbor an immunosuppressive phenotype that is responsible for the immune escape of tumor cells and the following tumor progression. These immunosuppressive cells include MDSCs, M2-macrophages, Tregs, N2-TANs, mast cells, Bregs, dendritic cells. They secrete cytokines like IL-2, IL-10, and TGF-β, growth factors like VEGF, the checkpoints ligands like PD-L1 or express checkpoints on the cell surface like PD-1, TIM-3 on Tregs, that negatively regulate the anti-tumor immune response, remodel the extracellular matrix, and promote the angiogenesis. As a result, these immunosuppressive cells and their interaction generate an immunosuppressive microenvironment and promote the proliferation, evasion, and migration of tumor cells

Back to article page