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Fig. 3 | Journal of Hematology & Oncology

Fig. 3

From: Proteogenomic insights into the biology and treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Fig. 3

Integrated multi-omics features in tumor tissues Compared with NATs of the PDAC. A PCA of 7055 proteins in 226 tumors and 220 normal adjacent tissues (NATs). Red, tumors; blue, NATs. B A volcano plot showing the results of a two-tailed Student’s t test comparing tumors and NATs at proteomic level. The number of significantly increased and significantly decreased proteins in tumors is shown above the volcano plot. C Differentially expressed proteins and phosphoproteins in tumors and NATs. The enriched biological pathways are annotated on the right. D The expression of pancreatic signature proteins in tumors and NATs at multi-omics level (mRNA, protein, and phosphoprotein). E The scatter plot indicating the changes of protein and mRNA between tumors and NATs. Proteins are labeled based on the pathways they are enriched in (proteins participated in fatty acid degradation, pancreatic secretion, and protein processing and export are labeled in purple, light-blue, and green, respectively; protein participated in endocytosis and lysosome are labeled in red, and proteins participated in focal adhesion are labeled in orange). The systematic diagram summarizing proteins and signaling cascades that are significantly altered in NAT (protein processing and export, pancreatic secretion), and in tumor (lysosome, focal adhesion). Values are color coded based on the fold change between tumors and NATs at both transcriptomic and proteomic level. F The screening process of potential biomarkers in PDAC showing on the left. The expression heatmap describes the protein expression of potential biomarkers (middle). Color of each cell shows Z-scored average abundance of the protein across the tumor and NAT samples. The ratio of RNA expression between tumors and NATs is shown on the right, and the heatmap on the left indicates the fold change of proteins average expression between pancreatic cancer exosomes versus normal exosomes. Bar plot shows the ratio of protein and RNA expression of these biomarkers between early-stage patients (TNM IA and IB) and others (right). Proteins are labeled in blue, and RNAs are labeled in yellow. G KSEA analyses of kinase activities in tumors and NATs. H The volcano plot depicting the correlation between phosphosubstrates and the kinase activity of PRKCD; the significant correlations are colored in pink. I Spearman rank correlation of the abundance of phosphosite STAT1_pS727 and the kinase activity of PRKCD (Spearman’s correlation). J Heatmap of the relative abundance of focal-adhesion-related proteins (bottom panel) and STAT1 mRNA (top panel) that are significantly associated with TF activity of STAT1. The P value of survival is shown on the right. K The systematic diagram summarizing proteins and signaling cascades that are regulated by the kinase PRKCD. ****p < 1.0E−4, ***p < 1.0E−3, **p < 1.0E−2, *p < 0.05, ns > 0.05

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