The evolution of acute lymphoblastic leukemia research and therapy at MD Anderson over four decades

Table 1 Frontline blinatumomab and inotuzumab combinations in younger adults with newly diagnosed B-ALL

	Agent	N	Median age (range), years	Complete remission, %	MRD negativity, %	Overall survival, % (x-year)
Hyper-CVAD-blinatumomab [70]	Blinatumomab	38	37 (17–59)	100	97^∆	81 (3-year)
Hyper-CVAD-blinatumomab-inotuzumab [70]	Blinatumomab and inotuzumab	25	24 (18–47)	100	91^∆	100 (1-year)
GIMEMA LAL1913 [73]	Blinatumomab	149	41 (18–65)	90	96^∆∆	84 (1-year)
GRAALL-2014-Quest [72]	Blinatumomab	95	35 (18–60)	NA	74^∆∆	92 (1.5 year)
Low-intensity-blinatumomab [71]	Blinatumomab	30	52 (40–66)	100	83^∆∆	69 (2-year)

MRD measurable residual disease
^∆MRD negativity assessed by multicolor multiparameter flow cytometry at a sensitivity of 10⁻⁴
^∆∆MRD negativity assessed by RT-PCR at a sensitivity of 10⁻⁴

ISSN: 1756-8722