Table 2 Clinical features of gene mutations in AML (class I mutations)

FLT3

-ITD

Association with a higher leukocyte count, increased RR, decreased DFS, and decreased OS.

[14, 28, 49–52]

21-24% in AML

-TKD

Prognosis was not influenced.

[46]

5-7% in AML

-WT

Clear tendencies for worse OS and EFS were found in patients with high FLT3 expression.

[53, 54]

PTPN11

No prognostic significance. However, subgroup analysis did reveal that the PTPN11 mutation was a poor risk factor for OS of AML patients who did not have NPM1 mutations.

[62]

5.1% in AML

NRAS

No significant prognostic impact for OS, EFS and DFS.

[64]

10.3% in AML

KIT

Adversely affect OS in AML with inv(16). Adverse impact of mutation of KIT on RR in t(8; 21)AML. KIT mutations had an independent negative impact on OS and EFS in patients with t(8;21) but not in patients with a normal karyotype.

[66, 68, 69]

1.7% in AML

22-45% in t(8; 21) 29-48% in inv(16)

CBL

n. d.

[72, 73]

1.1% in AML/MDS

16% in inv(16)AML