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Table 2 The efficiency of cells of various non-fibroblast origins for generating iPSCs

From: Advances in understanding the cell types and approaches used for generating induced pluripotent stem cells

Germ layer

Cells

Methods

Efficiency (%)

Reference

Mesoderm

Human fibroblast-like synoviocytes

OSKM/retrovirus

0.002

[[2]]

hASCs

OSKM/lentivirus

0.4

[[42]]

hASCs

OSKM + VPA + Vc/retrovirus

7.06

[[32]]

hASCs

OSNL cassette/minicircle DNA

~0.005

[[39]]

Immature B lymphocytes of mouse iPS chimeras

Carry dox-inducible OSKM retroviruses already

-

[[56]]

Mature B lymphocytes of mouse in the iPS chimeras

Carry dox-inducible OSKM retroviruses already + C/EBPalpha) or Pax 5 knockdown

1/30

 

Terminally differentiated T lymphocytes of p53-null mouse

OSKM/retrovirus

0.00015

[[30]]

G-CSF mobilized human CD34+ PBCs

OSKM/retrovirus

0.01 ~ 0.02

[[47]]

0.002

Human CB-derived ECs

OSNL/lentivirus

0.01 ~ 0.03

[[50]]

Mouse BW progenitor cells

OSKM/retrovirus

0.00002 ~ 0.00006

[[49]]

Human CD133+ CB cells

OSKM,OSK,OS/retrovirus

0.002 ~ 0.007(OSK)

[[57]]

Human PBMCs (T cell and myeloid cell)

OSKM polycistronic expression cassette/dox-inducible lentivirus

0.001 ~ 0.0002

[[51]]

Human PB CD34+ cells

OSKM/two rounds of lentiviral infection

0.002

[[52]]

Human T cell in PBMCs

0.0008 ~ 0.001

Human and murine CMCs and periosteal membrane

pMX-OSKM cDNA/retrovirus + Vc + VPA

higher than UMCs

[[32]]

Human UMCs

pMX-OSKM cDNA/retrovirus + Vc + VPA

0.4

[[33]]

Human AMCs

0.1

Oral mucosa fibroblasts

OSKM/retrovirus

0.022

[[58]]

Endoderm

Mouse liver and stomach cells

OSKM/retrovirus

_

[[59]]

Mouse pancreatic β cells

OSKM/inducible lentivirus

0.1 ~ 0.2

[[60]]

HUCs

Retroviral pMX vectors containing the cDNAs of mouse OSKM

0.1 ~ 4

[[53]]

HUCs

OSK + SV40LT + MIR302–367/EV electroporation

0.2

[[54]]

Human nasal epithelial cells

OSKM/SeV

0.08 ~ 0.10

[[61]]

Human dental pulp cells

OSK/retrovirus

0.01 ~ 0.10

[[62]]

Ectoderm

Mouse NSCs

OSKM/retrovirus

3.6

[[63]]

Oct4 with either Klf4 or c-Myc/retrovirus

0.11

 

Oct4/retrovirus

0.014

[[64]]

Mouse meningiocytes

pMX of OSKM-cDNAs/retroviral

0.8

[[65]]

Human keratinocytes

OSKM/retrovirus

1

[[45]]

 

OSKM/a single polycistronic retrovirus

-

[[29]]

Mouse and human melanocytes

OKM or OKS/dox-inducible lentivirus

0.19

[[66]]

Human DP cells from hair follicles

OSKM/pMX-based retrovirus

1.38

[[46]]

OK/pMX-based retrovirus

0.024

 

Chimeras

Cells of mouse iPS-cell chimeras

OSKM/dox-inducible polycistronic lentiviruses

_

[[67]]

  1. dox: doxycycline; CMCs: chorionic mesenchymal cells; UMCs: mesenchymal-like cells from the umbilical cord matrix; AMCs: the amniotic membrane mesenchyme.