Fig. 3
From: Tumor-associated macrophages: from basic research to clinical application
The clinical application of TAMs. As the relationship between TAMs and malignant tumors becomes clearer, TAMs are beginning to be seen as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of cancers and as therapeutic targets in cancers. Therapeutic strategies directed at TAMs can be grouped into four areas: limiting monocyte recruitment, targeting the activation of TAMs, reprogramming TAMs to antitumor macrophages, and targeting TAMs in combination with standard therapies