Table 2 Findings from Clinical Trials of Immunotherapy for Ovarian Cancer

Antibody-based vaccine

Anti-CA125 (Oregovomab MAb B43.13)

I/II

Increased Ag specific T cells

Improved survival

[25, 26, 75, 76]

Anti-idiotype Ab (ACA-125)

I/II

Induced Ab3, Ab1 and ADCC of CA125⁺ tumor cells

Improved survival

[28, 77]

Anti-HER-2 (trastuzumab, pertuzumab)

I/II

NR*

Stable disease for more than 2.5 months

[78, 79]

Anti-MUC-1 idiotypic Ab (HMFG1)

I/II

Induced Humoral Immune Responses

Prolonged survival

[80, 81]

Peptide vaccine

HER2/neu

I/II

Developed humoral and T cell immune Response

NR*

[13, 14]

NY-ESO-1

I

Induced both humoral and cellular immune responses

NR*

[82, 83]

Cytokine vaccine

IL-2

I/II

NR*

Prolonged survival

[84]

IFN-α

I/II

NR*

20% complete and 8% partial response

[85–87]

IFN-γ

I

Increased cytotoxity against tumor associated macrophages

NR*

[32, 88, 89]

Tumor cell vaccine

Whole tumor cells

I

CD8 T-cell response

No clinical response

[33]

Tumor cells transfected with GM-CSF

I

NR*

Improve survival

[34]

Dendritic cell vaccine

DC pulse with autologous tumor antigen

I

DTH

NR*

[90]

DC pulse with mRNA of FR-α

CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses

NR*

[91]

DC/tumour-fusion vaccine

Pre-clinical trial

Elevated serum levels of ANA

NR*

[92]

DC pulse with peptide

Pre-clinical trial

CTL

NR*

[43]

HSP vaccine

Gp96

I

Increased NK cell activity

[unpublished data]