|
TCF-21
|
Tumor suppressor gene involved in specification of differentiation
|
↑↑
|
↓
|
↑
|
|
PCDH17
|
Tumor suppressor gene involved in calcium-dependent cell adhesion
|
↑↑
|
↓
|
?
|
|
LRRC3B
|
Tumor suppressor gene involved in cell adhesion and apoptosis
|
↑↑
|
↓
|
?
|
|
SFRP1
|
Wnt antagonist tumor suppressor
|
↑↑↑
|
↓↓
|
?
|
|
RAP1GAP
|
Tumor suppressor (inactivates Rap-mediated invasion and metastasis)
|
↑↑
|
↓
|
↑
|
|
RASSF1
|
Tumor suppressor (cell-cycle control, microtubule stabilization)
|
↑↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑
|
|
UNC5C
|
Tumor suppressor (induction of apoptosis)
|
↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑
|
|
KILLIN
|
Tumor suppressor (cell-cycle arrest, regulated by p53)
|
↑↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑
|
|
KRT19
|
Organization of myofibrils and maintaining structural integrity of epithelial cells
|
↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑
|
|
HOXA5
|
Tumor suppressor (upregulates p53)
|
↑
|
?
|
?
|
|
MSH-2
|
DNA mismatch repair
|
↑
|
↓
|
↑
|
|
miR-9-1 and miR-9-3
|
Targeted suppression of gene transcription and translation
|
↑
|
↓
|
?
|
|
DKK
|
Tumor suppressor Wnt direct inhibitor
|
↑↑
|
↓
|
↑ (Transfection of gene inhibits cell proliferation and invasion, and increases apoptosis)
|
|
SFRP5
|
Tumor suppressor Wnt antagonist
|
↑↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑ (Transfection of gene inhibits anchorage independent colony formation ability and invasion and increases apoptosis)
|
|
GATA-3
|
TBRIII signaling. inihibitor of cell proliferation
|
↑↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑
|
|
TIMP-3
|
VEGF-3 antagonist, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor
|
↑↑
|
↓↓
|
?
|
|
GREM-1 gene
|
TGF-β signaling inhibition
|
↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑
|
|
WIF-1
|
Wnt antagonist
|
↑↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑ (Transfection of gene reduced cell viability, suppressed colony formation, and increased apoptosis)
|
|
UCHL1
|
Ubiquitination of proteins
|
↑↑
|
↓
|
↑
|
|
BTG3
|
E2F1 inhibition → negative regulation of cell cycle
|
↑↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑
|
|
TU3A
|
Tumor suppressor, mechanism unknown
|
↑↑
|
↓
|
↑
|
|
14-3-3 sigma
|
Causes G2 phase block for DNA repair
|
↑
|
↓
|
↑
|
|
p16
|
Cyclin kinase-dependent inhibition → causes cell-cycle arrest
|
↑
|
↓
|
?
|
|
SFRP2
|
Wnt antagonist
|
↑↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑
|
|
FHIT
|
Tumor suppressor, induction of apoptosis
|
↑↑
|
↓↓
|
?
|
|
XAF-1
|
Pro-apoptotic gene, inhibitor of “inhibition of apoptosis” protein
|
↑↑
|
↓
|
↑
|
|
APAF 1
|
Pro-apoptotic gene, activation of caspase 9
|
↑↑↑↑
|
↓↓↓
|
↑↑
|
|
DAPK-1
|
Mediation of IFN-γ induced apoptosis
|
↑
|
↓
|
?
|
|
DLC-1
|
Inhibitor of RhoAGTPase
|
↑
|
↓
|
?
|
|
DLK-1
|
Pro-apoptotic gene
|
↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑ (Transfection decreases cell proliferation, increases cell apoptosis)
|
|
HOX-B-13
|
Pro-apoptotic gene
|
↑↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑ (Transfection decreases cell proliferation)
|
|
DAL-1
|
Protein 4.1-related tumor suppressor gene
|
↑↑
|
↓
|
↑
|
|
SPINT-2
|
Tumor suppressor: inhibits HGF which activates Ras pathway
|
↑↑
|
↓
|
? (Transfection decreases cell proliferation)
|
|
Gamma-catenin
|
Involved in cell-cell adhesion. Loss of function correlates with poorer prognosis in cancer
|
↑↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑
|
|
Connexin-32
|
Gap junction protein. May be involved in the increased incidence of RCC in maintenance hemodialysis patients
|
↑↑
|
↓↓
|
?
|
|
Ecad
|
Tumor suppressor: encodes for cell-cell adhesion glycoprotein
|
↑↑
|
↓↓
|
↑↑
|
|
HLA-G
|
Tumor promoter: involved in helping tumor cells evade immunosurveillance
|
?
|
↑
|
↑
|
|
IL-8
|
Tumor promoter: promotes angiogenesis and metastasis
|
↓ (genomic hypomethylation)
|
↑
|
?
|
|
CA9/G250
|
Tumor promoter: expressed in hypoxic tumors, produces bicarbonate which neutralizes the surrounding acidic pH and aids cancer progression
|
↓↓
|
↑↑
|
↑
|
|
CYTIP
|
Promotes metastasis. Helps tumor cells evade cell death cytokines
|
↑↑
|
?
|
↑
|
