Table 2 The signaling pathway of CCL25/CCR9 in cancer chemoresistance and metastasis
From: CCR9 in cancer: oncogenic role and therapeutic targeting
| Pathway | Reference | |
|---|---|---|
| Tumor chemoresistance | PI3K/AKT | Lung cancer [12], prostate cancer [14], breast cancer [15], ovarian cancer [16] |
| P-gp/ERM/F-actin | T-ALL [17, 18] | |
| STAT | Breast cancer [19] | |
| β-catenin/cyclin | Pancreatic cancer [20] | |
| Tumor metastasis | MMPs | Ovarian cancer [21], prostate cancer [22], non-small cell lung cancer [23], endometriosis [24] |
| RhoA-ROCK-MLC/ezrin | T-ALL [26, 27] | |
| Paracrine of chemokines | Pancreatic cancer [28] | |
| Lymphocyte homing | Melanoma [29, 31], lymphoblastic leukemia [32] | |
| PTEN signaling | T-ALL [33] |