Table 3 Laboratory parameters, radiology, and treatments of cancer patients and matched noncancer controls

 White blood cell count (×10⁹/L–median[IQR])

5.5 (4.3–7.3)

5.7 (4.6–7.4)

0.51

 Neutrophil count (×10⁹/L–median[IQR])

3.9 (2.5–5.7)

3.7 (2.7–5.3)

0.88

 Lymphocyte count (×10⁹/L–median[IQR])

1.0 (0.6–1.5)

1.2 (0.8–1.6)

0.0013^b

 Monocyte count (×10⁹/L–median[IQR])

0.5 (0.3–0.6)

0.5 (0.4–0.6)

0.48

 Hemoglobin (g/L–median[IQR])

118 (95–130)

126 (115–137)

< 0.0001^b

 Platelet count (×10⁹/L–median[IQR])

196.0 (112.0–256.0)

210.5 (164.0–282.0)

0.0071^b

 Thrombin time (s–median[IQR])

16.1 (15.4–17.7)

16.4 (15.7–17.2)

0.33

 Prothrombin time (s–median[IQR])

14.1 (13.5–14.8)

13.8 (13.2–14.3)

0.015^b

 Activated partial thromboplastin time (s–median[IQR])

40.0 (37.2–45.8)

38.2 (35.5–41.4)

0.0003^b

 Antithrombin activity (%–median[IQR])

87 (79–97)

93 (84–102)

0.024^b

 International normalized ratio of prothrombin (median[IQR])

1.1 (1.0–1.2)

1.1 (1.0–1.1)

0.016^b

 D-dimer (μg/ml–median[IQR])

1.0 (0.4–2.4)

0.7 (0.4–1.8)

0.17

 Fibrinogen degradation products (μg/mL–median[IQR])

4.0 (4.0–7.4)

4.0 (4.0–6.1)

0.41

 Fibrinogen (g/L–median[IQR])

4.5 (3.5–5.6)

4.3 (3.3–5.6)

0.58

 Prothrombin time activity (%–median[IQR])

87 (80–96)

91 (84–99)

0.015^b

 Ferritin (ng/mL–median[IQR])

627.3 (318.7–2225.6)

474.1 (251.3–841.6)

0.0076^b

 Alanine aminotransferase (U/L–median[IQR])

19.0 (12.0–36.5)

23.0 (16.0–37.0)

0.064

 Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L–median[IQR])

27 (19–39)

25 (19–37)

0.72

 Albumin (g/L–median[IQR])

34.5 (30.5–38.8)

36.2 (32.0–40.3)

0.073

 Total bilirubin (μmol/L–median[IQR])

9.9 (6.6–13.8)

9.5 (7–12.4)

0.36

 Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L–median[IQR])

278 (195–401)

245 (199–334)

0.25

 Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L–median[IQR])

5.1 (3.4–7.9)

4.6 (3.6–5.9)

0.16

 Creatinine (U/L–median[IQR])

66 (52–92)

70 (60–82)

0.26

 High sensitivity C-reactive protein (mg/L–median[IQR])

37.6 (5.9–84.1)

10.8 (1.8–54.0)

0.0003^b

 Glucose (mmol/L–median[IQR])

6.0 (5.4–7.4)

5.9 (5.2–7.0)

0.75

 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm/h–median[IQR])

43 (16–72)

27 (14–52)

0.027^b

 Hypersensitive troponin I (pg/mL–median[IQR])

3.0 (1.9–10.4)

2.9 (1.9–8.4)

0.39

 Procalcitonin (ng/mL–median[IQR])

0.09 (0.05–0.32)

0.05 (0.03–0.09)

< 0.0001^b

 Immunoglobulin A(g/L–median[IQR])

2.2 (1.5–3.0)

2.3 (1.6–2.8)

0.95

 Immunoglobulin G(g/L–median[IQR])

11.1 (8.0–14.8)

10.8 (9.6–12.8)

1.00

 Immunoglobulin M(g/L–median[IQR])

0.9 (0.6–1.1)

0.9 (0.7–1.2)

0.24

 Complement 3 (g/L–median[IQR])

0.8 (0.7–1.0)

0.8 (0.7–0.9)

0.84

 Complement 4 (g/L–median[IQR])

0.2 (0.2–0.3)

0.2 (0.2–0.3)

0.61

 Interleukin 1β(pg/mL–median[IQR])

5.0 (5.0–5.5)

5.0 (5.0–5.0)

0.041^b

 Interleukin 2 receptor (U/mL–median[IQR])

666 (396–1089)

529 (348–856)

0.030^b

 Interleukin 6 (pg/mL–median[IQR])

13.80 (4.3–38.9)

5.4 (2.0–17.3)

0.0001^b

 Interleukin 8 (pg/mL–median[IQR])

11.9 (6.7–20.6)

11.6 (7.0–22.8)

0.84

 Interleukin 10 (pg/mL–median[IQR])

5.0 (5.0–8.4)

5.0 (5.0–5.2)

0.0073^b

 Tumor necrosis factor α(pg/mL—median[IQR])

8.4 (6.4–11.1)

7.7 (6.1–10.0)

0.26

 Multiple ground glass opacities and consolidation

25 (22.9)

90 (27.5)

0.35

 Bilateral involvement on chest CT scan

27 (24.8)

98 (30.0)

0.30

 Ventilator

26 (23.9)

36 (11.0)

0.0009^b

 Tracheal intubation

9 (8.3)

9 (2.8)

0.012^b

 Oxygen therapy

83 (76.2)

235 (71.9)

0.38