Fig 3.

Pre-treatment with Bor increases the susceptibility of JJN3 to BVDV oncolytic activity. a Representative dot plots of flow cytometry analysis shown the percentages and morphology of viable (7-AAD⁻, red gate) and non-viable (7-ADD⁺, green gate) JJN3 cells after 24, 48, and 72 h of BVDV treatment (1 MOI), with or without 24 h of pre-treatment with Bor (2.5 nM). b The histograms represent the statistical analysis of four independent experiments of JJN3 cells pre-treated with Bor (2.5 nM) for 24 h and followed by BVDV treatment (1 MOI) for 24 (left panel), 48 (central panel), and 72 (right panel) h respectively. The p values were calculated by two-tailed Student’s t test. (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001) (CNT = untreated cells). c JJN3 cells were treated with increasing doses of Bor (from 0.125 to 8 nM), increasing doses of BVDV (from 0.0625 to 4 MOI), or the combination of the 2 drugs (2:1) or vehicle. After 48 h, cell viability was assessed, and the data were analyzed as % of the value obtained with the cells treated with vehicle. Combination index analysis was then performed using CompuSyn software. Isobologram for ED50 represents means ± SEM of 3 experiments with 5 determinations each