Fig. 3
From: Nanomaterials for cancer therapy: current progress and perspectives
Illustration of interaction between nanomaterials and tumor cells. a Antigen–antibody conjugation modified nanoparticle endocytosis and transcytosis; b Liposome reaches cancerous area from blood vessels through EPR effect. c The magnetic nanoparticle coated with chitosan carries 5-Fluorouracil. Under external magnetic field, the nanoparticle shows passive targeting ability at cancer cells. d Therapeutic AuNP is blocked by BBB under normal status. After FUS exposure, the BBB is opened temporarily by microbubble inertial or stable cavitation and allows AuNPs to get through. BBB: blood–brain barrier; EPR: enhanced permeability and retention; FUS: focused ultrasound