Fig. 1

The construction of F-AgNPs and the proposed immunotherapeutic mechanism of TRUE- CAR-T therapy. a Schematic diagram of the synthesis of lipid-conjugated antigen peptides, DSPE-PEG-EvIII and the subsequent construction of F-AgNPs. b The schematic illustration demonstrating F-AgNPs modified exogenous antigens onto tumor cell membrane via membrane fusion. c In situ antigen modification of tumor cell membrane provides adequate targets for CAR-T cell recognition, enabling CAR-T cell to exert antitumor effects independent of tumor inherent antigen profiles (immunotherapeutic mechanism of TRUE- CAR-T cell therapy). d Particle size distribution of F-AgNPs. e Surface charge distribution of F-AgNPs. f The TEM image of F-AgNPs constructs, showing hollow near spherical structure of liposome. Imaged using JEOL 1200 EX TEM. Negative staining by 2% phosphotungstic acid. Scale bar represents 100 nm