Table 1 Tumor-derived exosomal circRNAs in tumor progression
From: Exosomal circRNA: emerging insights into cancer progression and clinical application potential
Exosomal circRNAs | Parent cell | Target cell | Expression | Signaling pathway | Functions | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tumor immunity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
circCCAR1 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | CD8 + T cell | ↑ | circCCAR1/PD1 deubiquitination | CD8 + T cell dysfunction, resistance to anti-PD1 immunotherapy | [18] |
circUSP7 | Non-small cell lung cancer cells | CD8 + T cell | ↑ | circUSP7/miR-934/SHP2 | CD8 + T cell dysfunction, resistance to anti-PD1 immunotherapy | [26] |
circRNA-002178 | Lung adenocarcinoma cells | CD8 + T cell | ↑ | circRNA-002178/miR-34/PDL1/PD1 | Immune escape, T-cell exhaustion | [29] |
circTRPS1 | Bladder cancer cells | CD8 + T cell | ↑ | circTRPS1/miR141-3p/GLS1 | CD8 + T cell exhaustion, modulate intracellular ROS balance | [99] |
circGSE1 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | Tregs | ↑ | circGSE1/miR-324-5p/TGFBR1/Smad3 | Immune escape, Tregs expansion | [28] |
circ-0001068 | Ovarian cancer cells | Jurkat T cell | ↑ | circ-0001068/miR-28-5p/PD1 | Immune escape, induce PD1 expression | [49] |
circSAFB2 | Renal cell carcinoma cells | Macrophages | ↑ | circSAFB2/miR-620/JAK1/STAT3 | Immune escape, promote M2 macrophage polarization | [31] |
circNEIL3 | Glioma cells | Macrophages | ↑ | circNEIL3/HECTD4/IGF2BP3 | Promote M2 macrophage polarization | [17] |
circ_0001142 | Breast cancer cells | Macrophages | ↑ | circ_0001142/miR-361-3p/PIK3CB | Promote M2 macrophage polarization | [32] |
circSHKBP1 | Non-small cell lung cancer cells | Macrophages | ↑ | circSHKBP1/miR-1294/PKM2 | Promote M2 macrophage polarization | [98] |
circZNF451 | Lung adenocarcinoma cells | Macrophages | ↑ | circZNF451/FXR1-ELF4-IRF4 | Induce the pro-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages, CD8 + T cell dysfunction, resistance to anti-PD1 immunotherapy | [33] |
circ0048117 | Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma | Macrophages | ↑ | circ-0048117/miR-140/TLR4 | Promote M2 macrophage polarization | [34] |
circRNA cSERPINE2 | Breast cancer cells | Macrophages | ↑ | cSERPINE2/MALT1/NF-κB/IL-6 | Promotes IL-6 secretion, proliferation and invasion of BC cells and TAM recruitment | [37] |
hsa_circ_0074854 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | Macrophages | ↓ | hsa_circ_0074854/HUR | Suppress macrophage M2 polarization | [35] |
hsa_circ_0017252 | Gastric cancer cells | Macrophages | ↓ | hsa_circ_0017252/miR-17-5p/DUSP2 | Suppress macrophage M2 polarization | [36] |
circUHRF1 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | NK cells | ↑ | circUHRF1/miR-449c-5p/TIM-3 | Immune escape, NK cell dysfunction, resistance to anti-PD1 immunotherapy | [39] |
circPACRGL | Colorectal cancer cells | Neutrophils | ↑ | circPACRGL/miR-142-3p/miR-506-3p-TGF-β1 | Promote N2 neutrophil polarization | [46] |
Tumor angiogenesis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
circSHKBP1 | Gastric cancer cells | HUVECs | ↑ | circSHKBP1/miR-582-3p/HUR/VEGF and inhibit HSP90 degradation | Promote GC cell angiogenesis, proliferation, migration and invasion | [56] |
circ29 | Gastric cancer cells | HUVECs | ↑ | circ29/miR-29a/VEGF | Impair HUVEC proliferation, migration and tube formation | [57] |
circ_0007334 | Colorectal cancer cells | HUVECs | ↑ | circ_0007334/miR-577/KLF12 | Promote cell viability, colony formation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis of CRC cells | [58] |
circRNA-100338 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | HUVECs | ↑ | circRNA-100338/VE-cadherin | Promote cell proliferation, angiogenesis, permeability, and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation ability of HUVEC | [59] |
circKIF18A | Glioblastoma multiforme cells | Human brain microvessel endothelial cells | ↑ | circKIF18A/FOXC2/PI3K/AKT | Promote angiogenesis in GBM | [60] |
circHIPK3 | Breast cancer cells | Human endothelial cells | ↑ | circHIPK3/miR-124-3p/MTDH | Promote tube formation in ECs | [61] |
circ-CCAC1 | Cholangiocarcinoma cells | Endothelial monolayer cells | ↑ | circ-CCAC1/miR-514a-5p/YY1 | Disrupt endothelial barrier integrity and induces angiogenesis | [62] |
Tumor metabolism | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
circ_0008928 | CDDP-resistant cells | _ | ↑ | circ_0008928/miR-488/HK2 | Promote CDDP drug resistance, glycolysis metabolism, proliferation, migration, invasion in NSCLC | [67] |
ciRS-122 | Oxaliplatin-resistant cells | Oxaliplatin- sensitive cells | ↑ | ciRS-122/miR-122/PKM2 | Promote glycolysis and transmits resistance to oxaliplatin | [71] |
circNRIP1 | Gastric cancer cells | Gastric cancer cells | ↑ | circNRIP1/miR-149-5p/AKT1/mTOR | Promote GC metastasis by altering metabolism and autophagy | [74] |
circFBLIM1 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | ↑ | circFBLIM1/miR-338/LRP6 | Promote HCC progression and glycolysis | [76] |
circ-MEMO1 | Non-small cell lung cancer cells | Non-small cell lung cancer cells | ↑ | circ-MEMO1/miR-101-3p/KRAS | Accelerate the proliferation, cell cycle progression, and glycolytic metabolism in NSCLC | [77] |
circ-ZNF652 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | ↑ | circ-ZNF652/miR-29a-3p/GUCD1 | Promote HCC progression, migration, invasion and glycolysis | [78] |
circ_0072083 | TMZ-resistant cells | TMZ-sensitive cells | ↑ | circ_0072083/miR-1252-5p/NANOG/ALKBH5 | Promote TMZ resistance in glioma | [79] |
circ93 | Lung adenocarcinoma cells | Lung adenocarcinoma cells | ↑ | cir93/FABP3/AA | Essential for desensitizing LUAD cells to ferroptosis | [97] |
Tumor proliferation and metastasis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
circIFT80 | Colorectal cancer cells | Colorectal cancer cells | ↑ | circIFT80/miR-1236-3p/HOXB7 | Promote CRC growth, proliferation, migration and invasion by activating EMT transcription factors | [100] |
circSETDB1 | Hypoxic cells | Normoxic cells | ↑ | circSETDB1/miR-7/Sp1 | Promote aggressive growth and EMT in lung adenocarcinoma | [101] |
circ-133 | Hypoxic cells | Normoxic cells | ↑ | circ-133/miR-133a/GEF-H1/RhoA | Promote CRC cell migration | [102] |
circRNA_PVT1 | Cervical cancer cells | Cervical cancer cells | ↑ | circRNA_PVT1/miR-1286 | Induce migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells, promote pulmonary metastasis | [103] |
circ-0004277 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | Surrounding normal cells | ↑ | circ-0004277/ZO-1 | Promote HCC EMT progression | [104] |
circWHSC1 | Ovarian cancer cells | Peritoneal mesothelial cells | ↑ | circWHSC1/miR-145/MUC1 and circWHSC1/miR-1182/hTERT | Promote ovarian cancer occurrence and metastasis | [105] |
circ-PDE8A | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells | Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells | ↑ | circ-PDE8A/miR-338/MACC1/MET | Promote invasive growth of PDAC cells | [106] |
hsa_circ_0000437 | Gastric cancer cells | Human lymphatic endothelial cells | ↑ | hsa_circ_0000437/HSPA2-ERK | Promote lymph node metastasis, invasion, migration and tube formation | [110] |
circ_0026611 | Esophageal squamous carcinoma cells | Human lymphatic endothelial cells | ↑ | circ_0026611/NAA10/PROX1 | Promote lymphangiogenesis | [111] |
circZNF652 | Glioblastoma cells | Glioblastoma cells | ↑ | circZNF652/miR-486-5p/SERPINE1 | Promote GBM proliferation, migration and EMT malignant phenotypes | [112] |
circPTGR1 | Higher metastatic HCC cells | HCC cells with low or no metastatic potential | ↑ | circPTGR1/miR-449a/MET | Promote the increased migration and invasion capacity of HCC cells | [113] |
circ-0072088 | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | Hepatocellular carcinoma cells | ↑ | circ-0072088/miR-375/MMP-16 | Suppress HCC metastasis | [114] |
circPUM1 | Ovarian cancer cells | Peritoneum | ↑ | circPUM1/miR-615-5p/NF-kB and circPUM1/miR-6753-5p/MMP2 | Promote ovarian cancer proliferation, migration and invasion | [115] |
Drug resistance | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
circATG4B | Oxaliplatin-resistant CRC cells | CRC cells | ↑ | circATG4B-222aa/TMED10/ATG4B | Increase autophagy followed by induction of chemoresistance | [116] |
circ_0000337 | CDDP-resistant cells | CDDP-sensitive cells | ↑ | circ_0000337/miR-377-3p/JAK2 | Promote CDDP-resistant metastasis, cell proliferation, and metastasis in esophageal cancer | [117] |
circVMP1 | CDDP-resistant cells | CDDP-sensitive cells | ↑ | circVMP1/miR-524-5p-METTL3/SOX2 | Promote CDDP-resistant metastasis in NSCLC | [118] |
circWDR62 | TMZ-resistant cells | TMZ-sensitive cells | ↑ | circWDR62/miR-370-3p/MGMT | Promote TMZ-resistant metastasis in gliomas, prognostic markers | [119] |
circDNER | PTX-resistant cells | PTX-sensitive cells | ↑ | circDNER/miR-139-5p/ITGB8 | Associated with PTX resistance in lung cancer, prognostic markers | [120] |
circDLGAP4 | Doxorubicin-resistant cells | Doxorubicin- sensitive cells | ↑ | circDLGAP4/miR-143/HK2 | Promote doxorubicin resistance transmission, glycolysis, proliferation and invasion in NB | [121] |
circZNF91 | Hypoxic PC cells | Normoxic PC cells | ↑ | circZNF91/miR-23b-3p/SIRT1/HIF-1α | Enhance GEM resistance of PC cells | [122] |