Table 7 The optical nanomaterial-based biosensors for the detection of microRNA
From: Optical nanomaterial-based detection of biomarkers in liquid biopsy
Biomarker | Disease | Optical nanomaterial | Biorecognition element | Detection method | Matrix | Limit of detection | Linear range | Clinical sample [a] | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
miRNA (miR-141) | Cancer | Au Nanocubes | DNA Probe | Fluorescence Detection | Buffer | 2 aM | 1 aM—1000 pM | – | 2012 [178] |
miRNA (miR-21, miR-155) | Breast Cancer Ovarian Cancer | AuNPs | DNA Probe | SERS Spectroscopy | N/A | 1 nM | 1 nM–10 nM | – | 2017 [179] |
miRNA (miR-155) | Breast Cancer | CdTe QDs | DNA Probe | Fluorescence Detection | Buffer | 0.42 pM | 10 pM–100 pM | – | 2018 [180] |
miRNA (miR-34a) | Gastric Cancer | Ag Nanocrystals in Au Nanobowls | DNA Probe | SERS Spectroscopy | Buffer | 1 fM | 1 fM–1 nM | – | 2018 [181] |
miRNA (miR-10b miR-21 miR-373) | Breast Cancer | Head-Flocked Au Nanopillar | DNA Probe | SERS Spectroscopy | Serum | 3.53 fM | 10−1 fM–109 fM | – | 2019 [182] |
2.17 fM | 10−1 fM–109 fM | ||||||||
2.16 fM | 10−1 fM–109 fM | ||||||||
miRNA (miR-182) | Lung Cancer | Fe3O4@Au and mSiO2@CdTe NSs | DNA Probe | ECL Detection | Buffer | 33 fM | 0.1 pM–100 pM | Serum (n = 3) | 2019 [177] |
miRNA (miR-21 miR-155 miR-16) | Breast Cancer | AuNPs PtNPs AgNPs (+ Magnetic Beads) | DNA Probe | Single-Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) | N/A | 1.1 pM | 10 − 300 pM | Serum (n = 14) | 2022 [183] |
1.1 pM | 10 − 300 pM | ||||||||
1.2 pM | 10 − 200 pM | ||||||||
miRNA (miR-224) | Liver Cancer | Au nanoarrays | DNA Probe | SERS Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Detection | Buffer | 0.34 fM 0.39 fM | 1 fM–1 nM | Serum (n = 16) | 2023 [184] |
miRNA (miR-375) | Prostate Cancer | AuNPs | DNA Probe | Plasmon-Enhanced Digital Imaging | Buffer | 1.29 fM | 1 fM–10 pM | – | 2023 [185] |