Articles

The chimeric monoclonal antibody MHCSZ-123 against human von Willebrand factor A3 domain inhibits high-shear arterial thrombosis in a Rhesus monkey model

SZ-123, a murine monoclonal antibody that targets the human von Willebrand factor (VWF) A3 domain and blocks the binding of collagen, is a powerful antithrombotic. In a Rhesus monkey model of thrombosis, SZ-12...

Authors: Shundong Ji, Miao Jiang, Bin Yan, Fei Shen, Yang He, Aini Wan, Lijun Xia, Changgeng Ruan and Yiming Zhao

Clinical applications of PD-L1 bioassays for cancer immunotherapy

Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has emerged as a biomarker that can help to predict responses to immunotherapies targeted against PD-L1 and its receptor (PD-1). Companion tests for evaluating PD-L1 expressio...

Authors: Delong Liu, Shuhang Wang and Wendy Bindeman

Incorporation of high-dose ¹³¹I-metaiodobenzylguanidine treatment into tandem high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation for high-risk neuroblastoma: results of the SMC NB-2009 study

In our previous SMC NB-2004 study of patients with high-risk neuroblastomas, which incorporated total-body irradiation (TBI) with second high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDCT/au...

Authors: Ji Won Lee, Sanghoon Lee, Hee Won Cho, Youngeun Ma, Keon Hee Yoo, Ki Woong Sung, Hong Hoe Koo, Eun Joo Cho, Suk-Koo Lee and Do Hoon Lim

Intrathymic injection of hematopoietic progenitor cells establishes functional T cell development in a mouse model of severe combined immunodeficiency

Even though hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be curative in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency, there is a need for additional strategies boosting T cell immunity in individuals sufferin...

Authors: Andrea Z. Tuckett, Raymond H. Thornton, Richard J. O’Reilly, Marcel R. M. van den Brink and Johannes L. Zakrzewski

An imprinted non-coding genomic cluster at 14q32 defines clinically relevant molecular subtypes in osteosarcoma across multiple independent datasets

A microRNA (miRNA) collection on the imprinted 14q32 MEG3 region has been associated with outcome in osteosarcoma. We assessed the clinical utility of this miRNA set and their association with methylation status.

Authors: Katherine E. Hill, Andrew D. Kelly, Marieke L. Kuijjer, William Barry, Ahmed Rattani, Cassandra C. Garbutt, Haydn Kissick, Katherine Janeway, Antonio Perez-Atayde, Jeffrey Goldsmith, Mark C. Gebhardt, Mohamed S. Arredouani, Greg Cote, Francis Hornicek, Edwin Choy, Zhenfeng Duan…

Current status and perspectives of patient-derived xenograft models in cancer research

Cancers remain a major public health problem worldwide, which still require profound research in both the basic and preclinical fields. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models are created when cancerous cells o...

Authors: Yunxin Lai, Xinru Wei, Shouheng Lin, Le Qin, Lin Cheng and Peng Li

Anti-claudin 18.2 antibody as new targeted therapy for advanced gastric cancer

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have revolutionized treatment of various cancers in the past decade. Despite targeted therapy with trastuzumab in Her2-positive gastric cancer patients, survival has been dis...

Authors: Prabhsimranjot Singh, Sudhamshi Toom and Yiwu Huang

Platelet desialylation is a novel mechanism and a therapeutic target in thrombocytopenia during sepsis: an open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled trial

Studies in murine models suggested that platelet desialylation was an important mechanism of thrombocytopenia during sepsis.

Authors: Mei-feng Li, Xiao-li Li, Kai-liang Fan, Ying-yi Yu, Jing Gong, Shu-ying Geng, Ya-feng Liang, Ling Huang, Ji-hua Qiu, Xing-han Tian, Wen-ting Wang, Xiao-lu Zhang, Qing-xia Yu, Yuan-feng Zhang, Peng Lin, Li-na Wang…

Checkpoint inhibitors in hematological malignancies

Inhibitory molecules such as PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, or TIM-3 play a role to keep a balance in immune function. However, many cancers exploit such molecules to escape immune surveillance. Accumulating data suppor...

Authors: Chi Young Ok and Ken H. Young

Curative or pre-emptive adenovirus-specific T cell transfer from matched unrelated or third party haploidentical donors after HSCT, including UCB transplantations: a successful phase I/II multicenter clinical trial

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the most widely used potentially curable cellular immunotherapeutic approach in the treatment of hematological malignancies, is limited by life-threat...

Authors: Chongsheng Qian, Arnaud Campidelli, Yingying Wang, Huili Cai, Véronique Venard, Hélène Jeulin, Jean Hugues Dalle, Cécile Pochon, Maud D’aveni, Benedicte Bruno, Catherine Paillard, Stéphane Vigouroux, Charlotte Jubert, Patrice Ceballos, Aude Marie-Cardine, Claire Galambrun…

Wnt/beta-catenin pathway: modulating anticancer immune response

Wnt/β-catenin signaling, a highly conserved pathway through evolution, regulates key cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, migration, genetic stability, apoptosis, and stem cell renewal....

Authors: Sachin Gopalkrishna Pai, Benedito A. Carneiro, Jose Mauricio Mota, Ricardo Costa, Caio Abner Leite, Romualdo Barroso-Sousa, Jason Benjamin Kaplan, Young Kwang Chae and Francis Joseph Giles

Circulating mutational portrait of cancer: manifestation of aggressive clonal events in both early and late stages

Solid tumors residing in tissues and organs leave footprints in circulation through circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNAs (ctDNA). Characterization of the ctDNA portraits and comparison wit...

Authors: Meng Yang, Umit Topaloglu, W. Jeffrey Petty, Matthew Pagni, Kristie L. Foley, Stefan C. Grant, Mac Robinson, Rhonda L. Bitting, Alexandra Thomas, Angela T. Alistar, Rodwige J. Desnoyers, Michael Goodman, Carol Albright, Mercedes Porosnicu, Mihaela Vatca, Shadi A. Qasem…

Non-driver mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasm-associated myelofibrosis

We studied non-driver mutations in 62 subjects with myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN)-associated myelofibrosis upon diagnosis, including 45 subjects with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and 17 with post-polycythemia

Authors: Bing Li, Robert Peter Gale, Zefeng Xu, Tiejun Qin, Zhen Song, Peihong Zhang, Jie Bai, Lei Zhang, Yue Zhang, Jinqin Liu, Gang Huang and Zhijian Xiao

Emerging therapies for breast cancer

HER2 and CDK4/6 are undoubted two most important biological targets for breast cancer. Anti-HER2 treatments enhance objective response and progression-free survival/disease-free survival as well as overall sur...

Authors: Xichun Hu, Wei Huang and Minhao Fan

The next generation of immunotherapy: keeping lung cancer in check

Lung cancer is the deadliest malignancy with more cancer deaths per year than the next three cancers combined. Despite remarkable advances in targeted therapy, advanced lung cancer patients have not experience...

Authors: Ashwin Somasundaram and Timothy F. Burns

Immunotherapy in hematologic malignancies: past, present, and future

The field of immunotherapy in cancer treatments has been accelerating over recent years and has entered the forefront as a leading area of ongoing research and promising therapies that have changed the treatme...

Authors: Annie Im and Steven Z. Pavletic

The use of immunotherapy in the treatment of melanoma

Patients with advanced melanoma have a compromised anti-tumor immune response leading to tumor immune tolerance and a tumor microenvironment conducive to disease progression. Immunotherapy that successfully ov...

Authors: Tala Achkar and Ahmad A. Tarhini

Recent advances of highly selective CDK4/6 inhibitors in breast cancer

Uncontrolled cell division is the hallmark of cancers. Full understanding of cell cycle regulation would contribute to promising cancer therapies. In particular, cyclin-dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6), which ar...

Authors: Hanxiao Xu, Shengnan Yu, Qian Liu, Xun Yuan, Sridhar Mani, Richard G. Pestell and Kongming Wu

Immunotherapy in genitourinary malignancies

Treatment of cancer patients involves a multidisciplinary approach including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Traditionally, patients with metastatic disease are treated with combination chemotherapies...

Authors: Kathan Mehta, Keyur Patel and Rahul A. Parikh

Role of modern immunotherapy in gastrointestinal malignancies: a review of current clinical progress

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a group of highly aggressive malignancies with a huge disease burden worldwide. There is clearly a significant unmet need for new drugs and therapies to further improve the tr...

Authors: Zin W. Myint and Gaurav Goel

Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy

Authors: Weijing Sun

A novel lncRNA uc.134 represses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inhibiting CUL4A-mediated ubiquitination of LATS1

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and tumor recurrence and metastasis are major factors that contribute to the poor outcome of patients with HCC. Long noncoding R...

Authors: Wen Ni, Yuqin Zhang, Zetao Zhan, Feng Ye, Yonghao Liang, Jing Huang, Keli Chen, Longhua Chen and Yi Ding

Emerging therapies for acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by clinical and biological heterogeneity. Despite the advances in our understanding of its pathobiology, the chemotherapy-directed management has remained largely ...

Authors: Caner Saygin and Hetty E. Carraway

DEPTOR maintains plasma cell differentiation and favorably affects prognosis in multiple myeloma

The B cell maturation process involves multiple steps, which are controlled by relevant pathways and transcription factors. The understanding of the final stages of plasma cell (PC) differentiation could provi...

Authors: Dalia Quwaider, Luis A. Corchete, Irena Misiewicz-Krzeminska, María E. Sarasquete, José J. Pérez, Patryk Krzeminski, Noemí Puig, María Victoria Mateos, Ramón García-Sanz, Ana B. Herrero and Norma C. Gutiérrez

Posttranslationally modified progesterone receptors direct ligand-specific expression of breast cancer stem cell-associated gene programs

Estrogen and progesterone are potent breast mitogens. In addition to steroid hormones, multiple signaling pathways input to estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) actions via posttranslational e...

Authors: Todd P. Knutson, Thu H. Truong, Shihong Ma, Nicholas J. Brady, Megan E. Sullivan, Ganesh Raj, Kathryn L. Schwertfeger and Carol A. Lange

Characterization and risk estimate of cancer in patients with primary Sjögren syndrome

The purpose of this study is to characterize the risk of cancer in a large cohort of patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (SjS).

Authors: Pilar Brito-Zerón, Belchin Kostov, Guadalupe Fraile, Daniel Caravia-Durán, Brenda Maure, Francisco-Javier Rascón, Mónica Zamora, Arnau Casanovas, Miguel Lopez-Dupla, Mar Ripoll, Blanca Pinilla, Eva Fonseca, Miriam Akasbi, Gloria de la Red, Miguel-Angel Duarte-Millán, Patricia Fanlo…

The diagnosis and management of NK/T-cell lymphomas

Extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma is an aggressive malignancy of putative NK-cell origin, with a minority deriving from the T-cell lineage. Pathologically, the malignancy occurs in two forms, extr...

Authors: Eric Tse and Yok-Lam Kwong

Next-generation sequencing and FISH studies reveal the appearance of gene mutations and chromosomal abnormalities in hematopoietic progenitors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a highly genetically heterogeneous disease. Although CLL has been traditionally considered as a mature B cell leukemia, few independent studies have shown that the genetic...

Authors: Miguel Quijada-Álamo, María Hernández-Sánchez, Cristina Robledo, Jesús-María Hernández-Sánchez, Rocío Benito, Adrián Montaño, Ana E. Rodríguez-Vicente, Dalia Quwaider, Ana-África Martín, María García-Álvarez, María Jesús Vidal-Manceñido, Gonzalo Ferrer-Garrido, María-Pilar Delgado-Beltrán, Josefina Galende, Juan-Nicolás Rodríguez, Guillermo Martín-Núñez…

Activity of trabectedin and the PARP inhibitor rucaparib in soft-tissue sarcomas

Trabectedin has recently been approved in the USA and in Europe for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma patients who have been treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy without success. The mechanism of action of...

Authors: Audrey Laroche, Vanessa Chaire, François Le Loarer, Marie-Paule Algéo, Christophe Rey, Kevin Tran, Carlo Lucchesi and Antoine Italiano

Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in glioma: a potential new treatment strategy

Gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumor in adults. High-grade neoplasms are associated with poor prognoses, whereas low-grade neoplasms are associated with 5-year overall survival rates of appr...

Authors: Song Xue, Man Hu, Veena Iyer and Jinming Yu

Vaccination with poly(IC:LC) and peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cells in patients with pancreatic cancer

Dendritic cells (DCs) enhance the quality of anti-tumor immune response in patients with cancer. Thus, we posit that DC-based immunotherapy, in conjunction with toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 agonist poly-ICLC, is...

Authors: Shikhar Mehrotra, Carolyn D. Britten, Steve Chin, Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer, Colleen A. Cloud, Mingli Li, Gina Scurti, Mohamed L. Salem, Michelle H. Nelson, Melanie B. Thomas, Chrystal M. Paulos, Andres M. Salazar, Michael I. Nishimura, Mark P. Rubinstein, Zihai Li and David J. Cole

Activity of the novel BCR kinase inhibitor IQS019 in preclinical models of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Pharmacological inhibition of B cell receptor (BCR) signaling has recently emerged as an effective approach in a wide range of B lymphoid neoplasms. However, despite promising clinical activity of the first Br...

Authors: P. Balsas, A. Esteve-Arenys, J. Roldán, L. Jiménez, V. Rodríguez, J. G. Valero, A. Chamorro-Jorganes, R. Puig de la Bellacasa, J. Teixidó, A. Matas-Céspedes, A. Moros, A. Martínez, E. Campo, A. Sáez-Borderías, J. I. Borrell, P. Pérez-Galán…

The cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of leukemias

The inhibition of the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway in the treatment of cancers has recently reached an exciting stage with several cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors that are now being tested in several cli...

Authors: A. Ghelli Luserna di Rora’, I. Iacobucci and G. Martinelli

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells: a novel therapy for solid tumors

The chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is a newly developed adoptive antitumor treatment. Theoretically, CAR-T cells can specifically localize and eliminate tumor cells by interacting with the tu...

Authors: Shengnan Yu, Anping Li, Qian Liu, Tengfei Li, Xun Yuan, Xinwei Han and Kongming Wu

Integrated analysis identifies microRNA-195 as a suppressor of Hippo-YAP pathway in colorectal cancer

With persistent inconsistencies in colorectal cancer (CRC) miRNAs expression data, it is crucial to shift toward inclusion of a “pre-laboratory” integrated analysis to expedite effective precision medicine and...

Authors: Min Sun, Haibin Song, Shuyi Wang, Chunxiao Zhang, Liang Zheng, Fangfang Chen, Dongdong Shi, Yuanyuan Chen, Chaogang Yang, Zhenxian Xiang, Qing Liu, Chen Wei and Bin Xiong

The antiproliferative ELF2 isoform, ELF2B, induces apoptosis in vitro and perturbs early lymphocytic development in vivo

ELF2 (E74-like factor 2) also known as NERF (new Ets-related factor), a member of the Ets family of transcription factors, regulates genes important in B and T cell development, cell cycle progression, and angiog...

Authors: Fiona H. X. Guan, Charles G. Bailey, Cynthia Metierre, Patrick O’Young, Dadi Gao, Teh Liane Khoo, Jeff Holst and John E. J. Rasko

The role of stromal cancer-associated fibroblasts in pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal cancer generally refractory to conventional treatments. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are cellular components of the desmoplastic stroma characteristi...

Authors: Dagny von Ahrens, Tushar D. Bhagat, Deepak Nagrath, Anirban Maitra and Amit Verma

Thrombus leukocytes exhibit more endothelial cell-specific angiogenic markers than peripheral blood leukocytes do in acute coronary syndrome patients, suggesting a possibility of trans-differentiation: a comprehensive database mining study

Current angiogenic therapies for cancers and cardiovascular diseases have not yet achieved expected benefits, which reflects the need for improved understanding of angiogenesis. In this study, we focused on so...

Authors: Hangfei Fu, Nish Vadalia, Eric R. Xue, Candice Johnson, Luqiao Wang, William Y. Yang, Claudette Sanchez, Jun Nelson, Qian Chen, Eric T. Choi, Jian-Xing Ma, Jun Yu, Hong Wang and Xiaofeng Yang

Pterostilbene prevents AKT-ERK axis-mediated polymerization of surface fibronectin on suspended lung cancer cells independently of apoptosis and suppresses metastasis

Polymeric fibronectin (polyFN) assembled on suspended breast cancer cells is required for metastasis. Conceivably, drugs that target such polyFN may fight against cancer metastasis. While stilbene analogs trig...

Authors: Ying-Jan Wang, Jing-Fang Lin, Li-Hsin Cheng, Wen-Tsan Chang, Ying-Hsien Kao, Ming-Min Chang, Bour-Jr Wang and Hung-Chi Cheng

A first-in-human phase 1 study of a hepcidin monoclonal antibody, LY2787106, in cancer-associated anemia

Hepcidin plays a central role in iron homeostasis and erythropoiesis. Neutralizing hepcidin with a monoclonal antibody (mAb) may prevent ferroportin internalization, restore iron efflux from cells, and allow t...

Authors: Saroj Vadhan-Raj, Rafat Abonour, Jonathan W. Goldman, David A. Smith, Christopher A. Slapak, Robert L. Ilaria Jr, Ramon V. Tiu, Xuejing Wang, Sophie Callies, Joanne Cox, Jay L. Tuttle, Yiu-Keung Lau and Eric J. Roeland

A novel melittin nano-liposome exerted excellent anti-hepatocellular carcinoma efficacy with better biological safety

Melittin is the main effective component of bee venom and has extensive biological functions; however, serious side effects have restricted its clinical application. Preclinical and clinical studies showed tha...

Authors: Jie Mao, Shujun Liu, Min Ai, Zhuo Wang, Duowei Wang, Xianjing Li, Kaiyong Hu, Xinghua Gao and Yong Yang

Mutations of CREBBP and SOCS1 are independent prognostic factors in diffuse large B cell lymphoma: mutational analysis of the SAKK 38/07 prospective clinical trial cohort

Recently, the mutational background of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has been revealed, identifying specific genetic events that drive lymphomagenesis. However, the prognostic value of these mutations ...

Authors: Darius Juskevicius, David Jucker, Dirk Klingbiel, Christoph Mamot, Stephan Dirnhofer and Alexandar Tzankov

Chidamide in relapsed or refractory peripheral T cell lymphoma: a multicenter real-world study in China

The efficacy and safety of chidamide, a new subtype-selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, have been demonstrated in a pivotal phase II clinical trial, and chidamide has been approved by the China Foo...

Authors: Yuankai Shi, Bo Jia, Wei Xu, Wenyu Li, Ting Liu, Peng Liu, Weili Zhao, Huilai Zhang, Xiuhua Sun, Haiyan Yang, Xi Zhang, Jie Jin, Zhengming Jin, Zhiming Li, Lugui Qiu, Mei Dong…

Incorporation of a hinge domain improves the expansion of chimeric antigen receptor T cells

Multiple iterations of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have been developed, mainly focusing on intracellular signaling modules. However, the effect of non-signaling extracellular modules on the expansion and...

Authors: Le Qin, Yunxin Lai, Ruocong Zhao, Xinru Wei, Jianyu Weng, Peilong Lai, Baiheng Li, Simiao Lin, Suna Wang, Qiting Wu, Qiubin Liang, Yangqiu Li, Xuchao Zhang, Yilong Wu, Pentao Liu, Yao Yao…

Therapeutic strategies of drug repositioning targeting autophagy to induce cancer cell death: from pathophysiology to treatment

The 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to the researcher that discovered autophagy, which is an evolutionally conserved catabolic process which degrades cytoplasmic constituents and organel...

Authors: Go J. Yoshida

T-ALL and thymocytes: a message of noncoding RNAs

In the last decade, the role for noncoding RNAs in disease was clearly established, starting with microRNAs and later expanded towards long noncoding RNAs. This was also the case for T cell acute lymphoblastic...

Authors: Annelynn Wallaert, Kaat Durinck, Tom Taghon, Pieter Van Vlierberghe and Frank Speleman

Mutational profiling of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with testicular relapse

Relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the leading cause of deaths of childhood cancer. Although relapse usually happens in the bone marrow, extramedullary relapse occasionally occurs including either ...

Authors: Ling-Wen Ding, Qiao-Yang Sun, Anand Mayakonda, Kar-Tong Tan, Wenwen Chien, De-Chen Lin, Yan-Yi Jiang, Liang Xu, Manoj Garg, Zhen-Tang Lao, Michael Lill, Henry Yang, Allen Eng Juh Yeoh and H. Phillip Koeffler

Severe nivolumab-induced pneumonitis preceding durable clinical remission in a patient with refractory, metastatic lung squamous cell cancer: a case report

Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have quickly become standard of care for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and increasing numbers of other cancer types. In th...

Authors: Hong Li, Weijie Ma, Ken Y. Yoneda, Elizabeth H. Moore, Yanhong Zhang, Lee L. Q. Pu, Garrett M. Frampton, Michael Molmen, Philip J. Stephens and Tianhong Li

A hybrid of B and T lymphoblastic cell line could potentially substitute dendritic cells to efficiently expand out Her-2/neu-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes from advanced breast cancer patients in vitro

Adoptive transfer of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) holds promises to cure cancer. However, this treatment is hindered by lacking a robust way to specifically expand out CTLs. Here, we developed a hybrid of B ...

Authors: Sheng Chen, Feifei Gu, Kang Li, Kai Zhang, Yangyang Liu, Jinyan Liang, Wei Gao, Gang Wu and Li Liu

Uncovering the roles of long non-coding RNAs in cancer stem cells

Cancer has been a major public health problem that has threatened human life worldwide throughout history. The main causes that contribute to the poor prognosis of cancer are metastasis and recurrence. Cancer ...

Authors: Xiaoxing Huang, Ruijing Xiao, Shan Pan, Xiangyong Yang, Wen Yuan, Zhenbo Tu, Ming Xu, Yufan Zhu, Qian Yin, Yingjie Wu, Weidong Hu, Liang Shao, Jie Xiong and Qiuping Zhang